Prostate Leiomyosarcoma: A Rare Misleading Tumor

Abstract

Case report: 73 year-old patient present with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and a low serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) diagnosed with a prostate leiomyosarcoma following a TURP. Afterwards, he was submitted to radical prostatectomy. A multimodal approach with radiotherapy was considered although death occurred less than three months after surgery.

Discussion: Prostate leiomyosarcoma is a rare aggressive tumour with misleading clinical features which may delay the diagnosis. The rarity of prostate sarcomas makes it very difficult to have prospective studies and appropriate clinical research. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to report its occurrence in order to improve our knowledge of its natural history. There are no guidelines concerning an optimal treatment. When feasible, surgery is the mainstay of treatment. Notwithstanding, recently published data favour multimodal therapies for the treatment of prostatic sarcomas, particularly for locally advanced disease.