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Meta-Analysis
. 2019 Apr 19;16(8):1409.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph16081409.

Age Differences in the Relationship between Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis

Hui-Jian Chen  1 , Gai-Ling Li  2 , Ao Sun  3 , Dang-Sheng Peng  4 , Wan-Xia Zhang  5 , You-E Yan  6
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Age Differences in the Relationship between Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis

Hui-Jian Chen et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Secondhand smoke (SHS), a common environmental exposure factor, has become a serious public health problem. Metabolic syndrome is another worldwide clinical challenge. Our study tried to determine the age differences in the relationship between SHS and the risk of metabolic syndrome. Studies were searched in PubMed and Web of Science from 11 November to 30 November 2018. Eighteen studies were finally included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The relationship between SHS and the risk indicators of metabolic syndrome was analyzed. The weighted mean difference (WMD) of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), and the standard mean difference (SMD) of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low- and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C, HDL-C) were calculated in a meta-analysis. SHS was positively associated with the level of insulin and WC. According to the subgroup analysis based on age difference, SHS was positively associated with FPG in the upper age group, and positively associated with LDL-C and negatively associated with HDL-C in the lower age group. BMI showed a more obvious positive correlation in the adults group than in the children and the teenagers group. In conclusion, the association of metabolic syndrome with SHS varies with age. When exposed to SHS, older people may be more susceptible to glucose metabolic disorder, but younger people may be more susceptible to lipid metabolic disorder.

Keywords: age difference; glucose metabolism; lipid metabolism; meta-analysis; metabolic syndrome; secondhand smoke.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of data sourcing and selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Meta-analysis of secondhand smoke (SHS) and risk of glucose metabolism disorder: (A) association between SHS and fasting plasma glucose (FPG); (B) association between SHS and insulin. WMD—weighted mean difference.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Meta-analysis of secondhand smoke (SHS) and risk of lipid metabolism disorder: (A) association between SHS and total cholesterol; (B) association between SHS and triglycerides; (C) association between SHS and LDL-C; (D) association between SHS and HDL-C. WMD—weighted mean difference; SMD—standard mean difference.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Meta-analysis of secondhand smoke (SHS) and risk of abdominal obesity: (A) association between SHS and body mass index (BMI); (B) association between SHS and waist circumference (WC). WMD—weighted mean difference; SMD—standard mean difference.
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