Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2019:41:e2019014.
doi: 10.4178/epih.e2019014. Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Assessment of the risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Sudan: a case-control study

Adel Hussein Elduma  1 , Mohammad Ali Mansournia  2 , Abbas Rahimi Foroushani  2 , Hamdan Mustafa Hamdan Ali  3 , Asrar M A/Salam Elegail  4 , Asma Elsony  5 , Kourosh Holakouie-Naieni  2
Affiliations

Assessment of the risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Sudan: a case-control study

Adel Hussein Elduma et al. Epidemiol Health. 2019.

Abstract

Objectives: The emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major challenge for the global control of tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with MDR-TB in Sudan.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted from May 2017 to February 2019. Patients newly diagnosed with MDR-TB were selected as cases, and controls were selected from TB patients who responded to first-line anti-TB drugs. A questionnaire was designed and used to collect data from study participants. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between risk factors and MDR-TB infection. The best multivariate model was selected based on the likelihood ratio test.

Results: A total of 430 cases and 860 controls were selected for this study. A history of previous TB treatment (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 54.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 30.48 to 98.69) was strongly associated with MDR-TB infection. We identified interruption of TB treatment (aOR, 7.62; 95% CI, 3.16 to 18.34), contact with MDR-TB patients (aOR, 5.40; 95% CI, 2.69 to 10.74), lower body weight (aOR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.91), and water pipe smoking (aOR, 3.23; 95% CI, 1.73 to 6.04) as factors associated with MDR-TB infection.

Conclusions: Previous TB treatment and interruption of TB treatment were found to be the main predictors of MDR-TB. Additionally, this study found that contact with MDR-TB patients and water pipe smoking were associated with MDR-TB infection in Sudan. More efforts are required to decrease the rate of treatment interruption, to strengthen patients' adherence to treatment, and to reduce contact with MDR-TB patients.

Keywords: Multidrug resistant; Risk factors; Sudan; Tuberculosis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare for this study.

References

    1. World Health Organization Global tuberculosis report 2018. [cited 2018 Sep 26]. Available from: https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/
    1. Musa BM, Adamu AL, Galadanci NA, Zubayr B, Odoh CN, Aliyu MH. Trends in prevalence of multi drug resistant tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0185105. - PMC - PubMed
    1. World Health Organization Global tuberculosis report 2017. [cited 2017 Dec 13]. Available from: https://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/gtbr2017_main_text.pdf.
    1. Faustini A, Hall AJ, Perucci CA. Risk factors for multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Europe: a systematic review. Thorax. 2006;61:158–163. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Goble M, Iseman MD, Madsen LA, Waite D, Ackerson L, Horsburgh CR., Jr Treatment of 171 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid and rifampin. N Engl J Med. 1993;328:527–532. - PubMed

Substances

LinkOut - more resources