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Review
. 2019 Apr 22;11(1):34.
doi: 10.1186/s13195-019-0485-0.

Advantages and disadvantages of the use of the CSF Amyloid β (Aβ) 42/40 ratio in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease

Oskar Hansson  1   2 , Sylvain Lehmann  3 , Markus Otto  4 , Henrik Zetterberg  5   6   7 , Piotr Lewczuk  8   9   10
Affiliations
Review

Advantages and disadvantages of the use of the CSF Amyloid β (Aβ) 42/40 ratio in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease

Oskar Hansson et al. Alzheimers Res Ther. .

Abstract

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biochemical markers (biomarkers) Amyloidβ 42 (Aβ42), total Tau (T-tau) and Tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (P-tau181) have proven diagnostic accuracy for mild cognitive impairment and dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease (AD). In an effort to improve the accuracy of an AD diagnosis, it is important to be able to distinguish between AD and other types of dementia (non-AD). The concentration ratio of Aβ42 to Aβ40 (Aβ42/40 Ratio) has been suggested to be superior to the concentration of Aβ42 alone when identifying patients with AD. This article reviews the available evidence on the use of the CSF Aβ42/40 ratio in the diagnosis of AD. Based on the body of evidence presented herein, it is the conclusion of the current working group that the CSF Aβ42/40 ratio, rather than the absolute value of CSF Aβ42, should be used when analysing CSF AD biomarkers to improve the percentage of appropriately diagnosed patients.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s Disease; Amyloidβ Peptides; Aβ42/40 ratio; Biomarkers; Cerebrospinal Fluid.

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Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

All authors have received consultation honoraria from Fujirebio Europe. PL has received honoraria for consultations and/or lectures from Fujirebio, IBL International, AJ Roboscreen and Roche. In the past 2 years, OH has received consultancy/speaker fees (paid to the institution) from Lilly and Roche. HZ has served on scientific advisory boards for Eli Lilly, Roche Diagnostics, Samumed, CogRx and Wave.

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