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. 2019 Apr 4:6:321-328.
doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.04.001. eCollection 2019.

Acute oral toxicity evaluation of extracts of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides in wister albino rats as per OECD 425 TG

Iswar Hazarika  1 , K M Geetha  1 , P Sivakami Sundari  2 , Divya Madhu  1
Affiliations

Acute oral toxicity evaluation of extracts of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides in wister albino rats as per OECD 425 TG

Iswar Hazarika et al. Toxicol Rep. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides (Family: Apiaceae) is a medicinal plant and is been a part of traditional cuisine. Hence, an acute toxicity study was performed to confirm its safety profile. Female rats (n=5) were randomly divided into 5 groups. One group served as the control and the other groups were been administered with the petroleum ether, chloroform, methanolic and aqueous extract of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides at 2000 mg/kg body weight. Blood was collected at certain intervals to measure the haematological and biochemical parameters. The vital organs were isolated and preserved for histopathological examinations. The result suggested that the LD50 of all the extracts are greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. There was no significant change in body weight, Behaviour, Renal Function test, Liver function test and Lipid profile. In haematological evaluation, there was an increase in RBC count and haemoglobin production post administration of methanolic and aqueous extract. The study suggested that the LD50 of the plant is greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight of rats in all the extracts.

Keywords: Acute oral toxicity studies; Apiaceae; Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides; LD50.

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Figures

None
Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Grouping of animals for acute toxicity studies.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Effect of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides different extracts on body weight of rats in acute toxicity studies. PEHS: Petroleum ether extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; CEHS: Chloroform extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; MEHS: Methanolic extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; AEHS: Aqueous extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; Values are presented as mean ± SEM; N = 5.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Effect of extracts given at Limit dose (2000 mg/kg bw of rats) in Hematological profile. Fig. 3a shows the effects of different extracts on Haemoglobin count (Hb), Total RBC, Hematocrit (HCT) and Mean Corpuscular volume (MCH); Fig. 3b shows the effect of extracts on blood platelets; Fig. 3c and d shows the effects of extracts on differential leukocyte count and total WBC count respectively. PEHS: Petroleum ether extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; CEHS: Chloroform extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; MEHS: Methanolic extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; AEHS: Aqueous extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; Values are presented as mean ± SEM; N = 5. *p < 0.05 when compared with the vehicle group (0.3% Carboxymethyl cellulose gel).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Effect of extracts given at Limit dose (2000 mg/kg bw of rats) in Renal function test. Fig 4a & Fig 4b shows the serum Creatinine level & Serum Urea level respectively; PEHS: Petroleum ether extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; CEHS: Chloroform extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; MEHS: Methanolic extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; AEHS: Aqueous extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; Values are presented as mean ± SEM; N = 5. *p < 0.05 when compared with the vehicle group (0.3% Carboxymethyl cellulose gel).
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Effect of extracts given at Limit dose (2000 mg/kg bw of rats) in Liver function test; Fig. 5a shows the effect of the extracts on SGPT, SGOT and Alkaline Phosphatase; Fig. 5b shows the effect of the extracts on Total Bilrubin, Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin and Albumin to Globulin ratio. PEHS: Petroleum ether extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; CEHS: Chloroform extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; MEHS: Methanolic extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; AEHS: Aqueous extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; Values are presented as mean ± SEM; N = 5. *p < 0.05 when compared with the vehicle group (0.3% Carboxymethyl cellulose gel).
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Effect of extracts given at Limit dose (2000 mg/kg bw of rats) in Lipid profile. PEHS: Petroleum ether extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; CEHS: Chloroform extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; MEHS: Methanolic extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; AEHS: Aqueous extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; Values are presented as mean ± SEM; N = 5 *p < 0.05 when compared with the vehicle group (0.3% Carboxymethyl cellulose gel).
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Effect of extracts given at Limit dose (2000 mg/kg bw of rats) on the Histology of the vital organs. PEHS: Petroleum ether extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; CEHS: Chloroform extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; MEHS: Methanolic extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides; AEHS: Aqueous extract of Hydrocotyl sibthorpioides.
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