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. 2020 Jul;57(7):693-702.
doi: 10.1080/02770903.2019.1602874. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Asthma prevalence among women aged 18 to 44 in the United States: National health and nutrition examination survey 2001-2016

Katrina F Flores  1 , Gretchen Bandoli  1   2 , Christina D Chambers  1   2 , Michael Schatz  3 , Kristin Palmsten  4
Affiliations

Asthma prevalence among women aged 18 to 44 in the United States: National health and nutrition examination survey 2001-2016

Katrina F Flores et al. J Asthma. 2020 Jul.

Abstract

Objective: To provide updated prevalence estimates of asthma and asthma medication use for women of childbearing age in the United States.Methods: Using data from 11,383 women aged 18-44, including a subset of 1,245 pregnant women, enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2016), we assessed the age-adjusted prevalence of self-reported diagnosed asthma. For women aged 18-44, we stratified by year, demographics, and other characteristics. Furthermore, we assessed asthma medication use among women aged 18-44 with asthma.Results: After age-adjustment, 9.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 9.2%, 10.7%) of women aged 18-44 and 10.9% (95% CI 7.2%, 14.6%) of pregnant women reported having asthma. Asthma prevalence was highest in 2015-2016 (12.0% 95% CI 9.8%, 14.3%) and lowest in 2003-2004 (8.6% 95% CI 6.4%, 10.8%). Women aged 18-44 with Medicaid or State Children's Health Insurance Program insurance coverage (16.8% 95% CI 14.5%, 19.2%), obesity (14.4% 95% CI 12.9%, 15.8%), diabetes (18.7% 95% CI 12.1%, 25.2%), hypertension (16.6% 95% CI 14.2%, 19.0%), and current smokers (12.8% 95% CI 11.4%, 14.2%) had the highest asthma prevalence. Of women with asthma, 38.3% (95% CI 34.5%, 42.1%) reported using asthma medications in the past 30 days.Conclusions: Among women of childbearing ages, asthma burden varies across demographic and clinical characteristics and has increased in recent years.

Keywords: asthma; epidemiology; pregnancy; prescriptions; prevalence; women’s health.

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Conflict of interest statement

DECLARATION OF INTEREST

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:
Age-adjusted asthma prevalence by two-year intervals among women aged 18–44 years using NHANES data from 2001–2016 (N= 11,383). Percentages are weighted for sampling probability and non-response; variance estimation accounts for complex survey design. p<0.01 for linear increase. Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval
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