Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2019 May;143(5):1081e-1091e.
doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000005595.

Current Concepts in Feminizing Gender Surgery

Bauback Safa  1 , Walter C Lin  1 , Ali M Salim  1 , Jordan C Deschamps-Braly  1 , Melissa M Poh  1
Affiliations
Review

Current Concepts in Feminizing Gender Surgery

Bauback Safa et al. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2019 May.

Abstract

Learning objectives: After reading this article and viewing the video, the participant should be able to: 1. Discuss appropriate treatment guidelines, including preoperative mental health and hormonal treatment before gender-affirmation surgery. 2. Name various surgical options for facial, chest, and genital feminization. 3. Recognize key steps and anatomy during facial feminization, feminizing mammaplasty, and vaginoplasty. 4. Discuss major risks and complications of vaginoplasty.

Summary: Transgender and gender-nonconforming individuals may experience conflict between their gender identity and their gender assigned at birth. With recent advances in health care and societal support, appropriate treatment has become newly accessible and has generated increased demand for gender-affirming care, which is globally guided by the World Professional Association for Transgender Health. This CME article reviews key terminology and standards of care, and provides an overview of various feminizing gender-affirming surgical procedures.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Brown G. A review of clinical approaches to gender dysphoria. J Clin Psychiatry 1990; 51:57–64.
    1. Berli JU, Knudson G, Fraser L, et al. What surgeons need to know about gender confirmation surgery when providing care for transgender individuals: A review. JAMA Surg. 2017;152:394–400.
    1. Arcelus J, Bouman WP, Van Den Noortgate W, Claes L, Witcomb G, Fernandez-Aranda F. Systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies in transsexualism. Eur Psychiatry 2015;30:807–815.
    1. Conron KJ, Scott G, Stowell GS, Landers SJ. Transgender health in Massachusetts: Results from a household probability sample of adults. Am J Public Health 2012;102:118–122.
    1. Winter S, Diamond M, Green J, et al. Transgender people: Health at the margins of society. Lancet 2016;388:390–400.

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources