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. 2019:22:e190040.
doi: 10.1590/1980-549720190040. Epub 2019 Apr 29.

Congenital anomalies in Rio Grande do Sul State: a time series analysis

[Article in Portuguese, English]
Geisa Dos Santos Luz  1 , Simone de Menezes Karam  1   2 , Samuel Carvalho Dumith  1   2
Affiliations
Free article

Congenital anomalies in Rio Grande do Sul State: a time series analysis

[Article in Portuguese, English]
Geisa Dos Santos Luz et al. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2019.
Free article

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Introduction: In Rio Grande do Sul Sate (Brazil), the incidence of congenital anomalies ranges from 10 to 15/1,000 live births. Identifying risk factors can change congenital anomalies frequency and neonatal mortality. This paper intends to analyze temporal variation of congenital anomalies in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, from 2005 to 2014, and to identify the factors associated with its occurrence.

Method: This is a descriptive, time series study based on secondary data on congenital anomalies and sociodemographic and health variables of mothers and newborns living in Rio Grande do Sul, from 2005 to 2014.

Results: In the period surveyed, there were 1,386,803 births of mothers living in Rio Grande do Sul, and the cases diagnosed with congenital anomalies corresponded to a general average rate of 9.2 per thousand cases, with a greater rate in the group of mothers of newborns whose Apgar score was lower than seven; who had a weight equal to or lower than 1,500 grams; with a gestational age equal to or lower than 31 weeks and living in the metropolitan region. The most frequent types of congenital anomalies were those located in the musculoskeletal system, the nervous system and the circulatory system.

Conclusion: These data warn us about the change in the epidemiological profile of mothers of children with congenital anomalies, thereby indicating the groups at greatest risk.

Introdução: No estado do Rio Grande do Sul, a incidência de anomalias congênitas varia de 10 a 15/1.000 recém-nascidos vivos. Reconhecer os fatores de risco pode modificar a frequência das anomalias congênitas e a mortalidade neonatal. Este artigo teve o objetivo de analisar a variação temporal de anomalias congênitas no Rio Grande do Sul, de 2005 a 2014, e identificar os fatores associados à sua ocorrência.

Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de série temporal, baseado em dados secundários, sobre anomalias congênitas e as variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde das mães e dos recém-nascidos residentes no Rio Grande do Sul, no período de 2005 a 2014.

Resultados: No período investigado, ocorreram 1.386.803 nascimentos oriundos de mães residentes no Rio Grande do Sul, e os casos diagnosticados com anomalias congênitas corresponderam a uma taxa média geral de 9,2 por mil casos, com maior taxa no grupo de mães de recém-nascidos cujo índice de Apgar foi menor que 7; com peso igual ou menor que 1.500 g; com idade gestacional igual ou menor que 31 semanas e residentes na região metropolitana. As anomalias congênitas mais frequentes foram as do sistema osteomuscular, sistema nervoso e aparelho circulatório.

Conclusão: Esses dados alertam sobre a mudança no perfil epidemiológico das mães de crianças com anomalias congênitas, mostrando os grupos de maior risco.

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