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. 2015 Mar 27;5(2):35-38.
doi: 10.1002/cld.426. eCollection 2015 Feb.

Defining and grading HBV reactivation

Alissa Visram  1 , Jordan J Feld  1
Affiliations

Defining and grading HBV reactivation

Alissa Visram et al. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken). .
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Natural history of chronic hepatitis B infection.3 Most chronically infected individuals transition from immune tolerance with high HBV DNA levels but normal ALT through the immune clearance phase with ALT flares and variable HBV DNA levels and ultimately enter the immune control phase with low HBV DNA levels and normal ALT. Immunosuppression leads to a reappearance of HBV replication with rising HBV DNA and potentially associated ALT flares and severe hepatitis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Worldwide rates of chronic hepatitis B infection. Reprinted from the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention Web site.1
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. World Hepatitis Day — July 28th. September 26, 2013. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/features/worldhepatitisday/. Accessed April 15, 2014.
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    1. Yim HJ, Lok AS. Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: what we knew in 1981 and what we know in 2005. Hepatology 2006;43(suppl 1):S173‐S181. - PubMed
    1. Hoofnagle JH. Reactivation of hepatitis B. Hepatology 2009;49(suppl):S156‐S165. - PubMed
    1. Lubel JS, Testro AG, Angus PW. Hepatitis B virus reactivation following immunosuppressive therapy: guidelines for prevention and management. Intern Med J 2007;37:705‐712. - PubMed