Falls in individuals with stroke during inpatient rehabilitation at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Objective: To determine the incidence and risk factors of falls in individuals with stroke undergoing inpatient rehabilitation.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients with stroke admitted to from January 2011 to June 2013 was carried out in Inpatient rehabilitation Unit at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data collected included demographic variables, types of stroke, comorbidities, characteristics of falls, factors affecting falls and length of hospital stay. Data was descriptively analyzed. The Pearson Chi-square test was used to determine any significant relationship between the categorical variables. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate predictors of falls during rehabilitation.

Results: Out of 146 stroke survivors, 36 patients had a fall during inpatient rehabilitation. Majority did not sustain any injury. Fall status was significantly associated with age group (p=0.048), type of stroke (p=0.005) and previous history of stroke (p=0.020). The side of stroke (p=0.011) and fall risk were statistically significantly related to fall outcomes (p=0.005). Length of hospital stay (LOS) was also associated with fall outcome (p=0.044).

Conclusion: Age, hemorrhagic stroke, laterality of stroke and previous history of stroke were identified as risk factors associated with falls. Injured patients tend to stay longer for inpatient rehabilitation. Due to different culturual, environmental and health system variations, development of regional guidelines for fall prevention in stroke survivors can help to reduce the risk of falls.