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. 2019 May 8;9(5):714.
doi: 10.3390/nano9050714.

Synergistic Effect and Characterization of Graphene/Carbon Nanotubes/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Sodium Alginate Nanofibrous Membranes Formed Using Continuous Needleless Dynamic Linear Electrospinning

Ting-Ting Li  1   2   3 , Yanqin Zhong  4   5 , Mengxue Yan  6   7 , Wei Zhou  8 , Wenting Xu  9 , Shih-Yu Huang  10   11 , Fei Sun  12 , Ching-Wen Lou  13   14   15   16   17 , Jia-Horng Lin  18   19   20   21   22   23   24
Affiliations

Synergistic Effect and Characterization of Graphene/Carbon Nanotubes/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Sodium Alginate Nanofibrous Membranes Formed Using Continuous Needleless Dynamic Linear Electrospinning

Ting-Ting Li et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

In this study, a self-made continuous needleless dynamic linear electrospinning technique is employed to fabricate large-scale graphene (Gr)/carbon nanotubes (CNT)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA) nanofibrous membranes. The synergistic effect of Gr and CNT fillers in the PVA/SA membrane is explored in depth by changing the volume ratio (v/v) of Gr and CNT as 10:0, 8:2, 6:4, 4:6, 2:8, and 0:10. Microstructure, functional group, conductivity, and hydrophilicity of PVA/SA/Gr/CNT membranes was characterized. Results show that the linear electrode needleless electrospinning technique can be spun into 200-nm diameter fibers. The PVA/SA/Gr/CNT fibrous membrane has good hydrophilicity and thermal stability. A Gr/CN ratio of 6:4 possessed the optimal synergistic effect, which showed the lowest surface resistivity of 2.53 × 103 Ω/m2. This study will provide a reference for the large-scale preparation of nanofibrous membrane used as a artificial nerve conduit in the future.

Keywords: PVA; carbon nanotubes (CNT); graphene (Gr); needleless electrospinning; sodium alginate (SA); synergistic effect.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Process of the preparation of linear electrospinning nanofiber membranes.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Conductivity of different concentrations of (a) Gr-PVA solution and (b) CNT-PVA solution.
Figure 3
Figure 3
SEM images and diameter of PVA/SA/Gr/CNT nanofibers membranes with the Gr-CNT ratios of (a) 10:0, (b) 8:2, (c) 6:4, (d) 4:6, (e) 2:8, (f) 0:10.
Figure 3
Figure 3
SEM images and diameter of PVA/SA/Gr/CNT nanofibers membranes with the Gr-CNT ratios of (a) 10:0, (b) 8:2, (c) 6:4, (d) 4:6, (e) 2:8, (f) 0:10.
Figure 4
Figure 4
FTIR spectrum of PVA/SA/Gr/CNT nanofibrous membranes as related to Gr-CNT ratios.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Surface electric resistivity of PVA/SA/Gr/CNT nanofibrous membranes as related to the Gr-CNT ratios. (Control: The surface resistivity of the PVA/SA nanofiber membrane was 7.58 × 109 Ω/m2).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Raman spectrometry of PVA/SA/Gr/CNT nanofibrous membranes as related to Gr-CNT ratios.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Water contact angle of PVA/SA/Gr/CNT nanofibrous membranes as related to Gr-CNT ratios. (Control: PVA/SA nanofibrous membranes).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Characterization of thermal properties of PVA/SA/Gr/CNT nanofiber membranes: (a) DSC of nanofibrous membranes as related to Gr-CNT ratios, and (b) TG of nanofibrous membranes as related to Gr-CN ratios.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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