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Review
. 2019 May 9;20(9):2293.
doi: 10.3390/ijms20092293.

Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation as a Bridge to Understand Neurodegeneration

Carla Ribeiro Alvares Batista  1 , Giovanni Freitas Gomes  2 , Eduardo Candelario-Jalil  3 , Bernd L Fiebich  4 , Antonio Carlos Pinheiro de Oliveira  5
Affiliations
Review

Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation as a Bridge to Understand Neurodegeneration

Carla Ribeiro Alvares Batista et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

A large body of experimental evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is a key pathological event triggering and perpetuating the neurodegenerative process associated with many neurological diseases. Therefore, different stimuli, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), are used to model neuroinflammation associated with neurodegeneration. By acting at its receptors, LPS activates various intracellular molecules, which alter the expression of a plethora of inflammatory mediators. These factors, in turn, initiate or contribute to the development of neurodegenerative processes. Therefore, LPS is an important tool for the study of neuroinflammation associated with neurodegenerative diseases. However, the serotype, route of administration, and number of injections of this toxin induce varied pathological responses. Thus, here, we review the use of LPS in various models of neurodegeneration as well as discuss the neuroinflammatory mechanisms induced by this toxin that could underpin the pathological events linked to the neurodegenerative process.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Huntington’s disease; Parkinson’s disease; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; inflammation; lipopolysaccharide; neurodegeneration.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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