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Review
. 2019 Apr 7:2019:8748253.
doi: 10.1155/2019/8748253. eCollection 2019.

Beneficial Role of Phytochemicals on Oxidative Stress and Age-Related Diseases

Cinzia Forni  1 , Francesco Facchiano  2 , Manuela Bartoli  3 , Stefano Pieretti  4 , Antonio Facchiano  5 , Daniela D'Arcangelo  5 , Sandro Norelli  6 , Giorgia Valle  1 , Roberto Nisini  6 , Simone Beninati  1 , Claudio Tabolacci  7 , Ravirajsinh N Jadeja  8
Affiliations
Review

Beneficial Role of Phytochemicals on Oxidative Stress and Age-Related Diseases

Cinzia Forni et al. Biomed Res Int. .

Abstract

Aging is related to a number of functional and morphological changes leading to progressive decline of the biological functions of an organism. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), released by several endogenous and exogenous processes, may cause important oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids, leading to important cellular dysfunctions. The imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant defenses brings to oxidative stress conditions and, related to accumulation of ROS, aging-associated diseases. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the most relevant data reported in literature on the natural compounds, mainly phytochemicals, with antioxidant activity and their potential protective effects on age-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and chronic inflammation, and possibly lower side effects, when compared to other drugs.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A word-tree-cloud showing the body of published evidence indexed on PubMed up today, regarding the most studied phytochemicals as related to oxidative stress. Between brackets, the number of published manuscripts containing the name of each phytochemical and “oxidative stress”, within Title or Abstract, is reported.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Structures of main secondary plant metabolites with demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity summarized in this review.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Schematic view of complex cross-talk between oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and cancer.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Number of published studies regarding plant-derived nutraceuticals and age-related skin diseases. In the first column, within brackets, the number of PubMed abstracts containing in the Title field the diseases name and the word “age” is reported. In several diseases a strong relation with the age is evident (namely, in allergy, basal cell carcinoma, chickenpox, dermatitis, eczema, lupus, measles, melanoma, psoriasis, squamous cell carcinoma, and oxidative stress). In the other columns, the number of PubMed abstracts containing the diseases name and the phytochemical name in All field is reported. Co-occurrence > 10 is highlighted in bold and gray background. The raw named Oxidative stress reports the number of studies indexed on PubMed containing experimental data which correlate each plant-derived nutraceutical with an “oxidative stress” (as present in All field of database).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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