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. 2019 May 12;55(5):130.
doi: 10.3390/medicina55050130.

Trends in Cigarette Smoking among Middle-Aged Lithuanian Subjects Participating in the Primary Prevention Program between 2009 and 2016

Egidija Rinkūnienė  1   2 , Žaneta Petrulionienė  3   4 , Vilma Dženkevičiūtė  5   6 , Silvija Gimžauskaitė  7 , Antanas Mainelis  8 , Roma Puronaitė  9 , Agnė Jucevičienė  10   11 , Urtė Gargalskaitė  12   13 , Aleksandras Laucevičius  14   15
Affiliations

Trends in Cigarette Smoking among Middle-Aged Lithuanian Subjects Participating in the Primary Prevention Program between 2009 and 2016

Egidija Rinkūnienė et al. Medicina (Kaunas). .

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate trends in smoking among middle-aged men and women based on the data from the Lithuanian High Cardiovascular Risk (LitHiR) primary prevention program between 2009 and 2016. Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study comprised 92373 Lithuanian adults (41.6% men and 58.4% women). We compared the prevalence of smoking, smoking cessation activity and smoking intensity by gender and age groups. Results: There was a statistically significant upward trend in the number of smoking subjects (average annual percent change (AAPC) 2.99%, p < 0.001). The number of smoking male subjects remained much higher than the number of smoking female subjects during the 2009-2016 period. The study showed a significant increase in the percentage of smoking quitters in the whole group (AAPC 7.22%, p < 0.001) and among men and women separately. There was no significant change in smoking intensity in groups of male and female smokers separately. Conclusions: The analysis showed that the prevalence of smoking in Lithuania is still increasing due to women smoking despite all the governmental tobacco control efforts to reduce it.

Keywords: primary prevention; risk factors; smoking cessation; smoking prevalence; trends.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The percentage of daily smokers in gender groups during 2009–2016 period (%, 95% CI).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The trend analysis of female smokers in age groups during 2009–2016 period (%, 95% CI).
Figure 3
Figure 3
The trend analysis of male smokers in age groups during 2009–2016 period (%, 95% CI).
Figure 4
Figure 4
The trend analysis of smoking cessation activity among men and women during 2009–2016 period (%, 95% CI).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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