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. 2019 May 14:25:3558-3565.
doi: 10.12659/MSM.913713.

Effects of Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome on Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Jiayan Zhou  1 , Xiaolin Huang  1 , Xiaohong Jiang  1
Affiliations

Effects of Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome on Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Jiayan Zhou et al. Med Sci Monit. .

Abstract

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is related to the serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, which is used as a marker of colorectal cancer. Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAS) has been recently reported to have cancer-promoting effects. The aim of our study was to observe the effect of OSAS on serum levels of CEA in patients with T2DM. MATERIAL AND METHODS We enrolled 401 T2DM patients in this study. There were 244 patients with OSAS and 157 patients without OSAS. RESULTS The CEA level in T2DM patients with OSAS was higher than that in those without OSAS (p<0.05). The participants with AHI scores ≥30 had higher CEA levels than those with 5≤ AHI scores <30 (p<0.05). The AHI score and ODI score were independently associated with increased risk of high CEA level in T2DM patients (odds ratio [OR]=1.052, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.011~1.095) and (OR=1.214, 95% CI: 1.070~1.377). Moreover, among male T2DM patients, the AHI score and ODI score had a linear correlation with the CEA level; this association was also observed in T2DM patients who smoked, had an HbA1c level ≥7%, or had a BMI ≥28 kg/m2 (all p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The AHI score and ODI score were positively associated with the CEA level in T2DM patients. The relationship was stronger in male T2DM patients and in those who smoked, were obese, or had poor glycemic control. The mechanism may be related to metabolic disorders, and the potential increased risk of colorectal cancer should be investigated in a prospective study.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Comparison of CEA levels between groups with various AHI scores. CEA – carcinoembryonic antigen; BMI – body mass index; HbA1c – glycosylated hemoglobin; LDL-C – low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A–H) Comparison of serum CEA levels between T2DM patients with and without OSAS in different subgroups. CEA – carcinoembryonic antigen; AHI – apnea-hypopnea index; ODI – oxygen desaturation index; BMI – body mass index; HbA1c – glycosylated hemoglobin.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A–H) Multiple linear regression analysis of serum CEA levels in different subgroups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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