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. 2019 May;28(3):e13086.
doi: 10.1111/ecc.13086. Epub 2019 May 14.

A systematic review on the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress in long-term cancer survivors: Implications for primary care

Daan Brandenbarg  1 , Saskia W M C Maass  1 , Olaf P Geerse  1   2 , Mariken E Stegmann  1 , Charlotte Handberg  3   4 , Maya J Schroevers  5 , Saskia F A Duijts  1   6
Affiliations

A systematic review on the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress in long-term cancer survivors: Implications for primary care

Daan Brandenbarg et al. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2019 May.

Abstract

Introduction: Symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress are common in the first years after a cancer diagnosis, but little is known about the prevalence of these symptoms at the long term. The aim of this review was to describe the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress in long-term cancer survivors, five or more years after diagnosis, and to provide implications for primary care.

Methods: We performed a systematic literature search in the PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL databases. Studies were eligible when reporting on the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and/or distress in long-term cancer survivors (≥5 years after diagnosis), treated with curative intent.

Results: A total of 20 studies were included. The reported prevalence of depressive symptoms (N = 18) varied from 5.4% to 49.0% (pooled prevalence: 21.0%). For anxiety (N = 7), the prevalence ranged from 3.4% to 43.0% (pooled prevalence: 21.0%). For distress (N = 4), the prevalence ranged from 4.3% to 11.6% (pooled prevalence: 7.0%).

Conclusion: Prevalences of symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress among long-term survivors of cancer do not fundamentally differ from the general population. This is reassuring for primary care physicians, as they frequently act as the primary physician for long-term survivors whose follow-up schedules in the hospital have been completed.

Keywords: anxiety; cancer survivors; depression; distress; long term; psychological problems.

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Conflict of interest statement

No conflicts to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plots of prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress
Figure 3
Figure 3
Risk of bias
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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