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Review
. 2018 May 4:42:e60.
doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2018.60. eCollection 2018.

A systematic review of the effectiveness of interventions to reduce motor vehicle crashes and their injuries among the general and working populations

Álvaro Lefio  1 , Vivienne C Bachelet  2 , Rosa Jiménez-Paneque  3 , Patricio Gomolán  3 , Katherinne Rivas  1
Affiliations
Review

A systematic review of the effectiveness of interventions to reduce motor vehicle crashes and their injuries among the general and working populations

Álvaro Lefio et al. Rev Panam Salud Publica. .

Abstract
in English, Spanish, Portuguese

Objective: To summarize the best available international scientific evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to reduce motor vehicle collisions and their consequences among the working and general populations.

Methods: A broad and systematic review was conducted of the literature available in biomedical databases and grey literature. At least two investigators working in parallel performed data extraction, synthesis, and risk of bias analysis.

Results: Forty-one studies with low to moderate risk of bias were included. Of these, 18 had an ecological design (time series), 10 were quasi-experimental, one was a population survey, one was a randomized clinical trial, and 11 were systematic reviews.

Conclusions: The interventions that most consistently show a positive effect on incidence, morbidity, and mortality due to motor vehicle collisions are national policies or programs that: regulate, enforce, and penalize driving under the influence of alcohol; improve driving safety and driver conditions; improve road infrastructure with the purpose of preventing collisions; and educate and penalize drivers with a history of road violations.

Objetivo: Resumir la mejor evidencia disponible a nivel internacional sobre la efectividad de las intervenciones para reducir el número de colisiones de vehículos de motor y sus consecuencias en la población general y la población económicamente activa.

Métodos: Revisión amplia y sistemática de la bibliografía contenida en las bases de datos biomédicas y la literatura gris. Al menos dos investigadores trabajando en paralelo realizaron la extracción de datos, la síntesis y el análisis del riesgo de sesgo.

Resultados: Se incluyeron 41 estudios con un riesgo de sesgo bajo o moderado. De ellos, 18 tenían un diseño ecológico (series de tiempo), 10 eran cuasiexperimentales, 1 era una encuesta poblacional, 1 era un ensayo clínico aleatorizado y 11 eran revisiones sistemáticas.

Conclusiones: Las intervenciones que muestran más sistemáticamente un efecto positivo sobre la incidencia, la morbilidad y la mortalidad por colisiones de vehículos de motor son las políticas o programas nacionales que reglamentan, hacen cumplir los reglamentos y sancionan a quienes conducen bajo los efectos del alcohol; mejoran la seguridad al conducir y con respecto a los conductores; mejoran la infraestructura vial a fin de prevenir las colisiones; y educan y sancionan a los conductores con antecedentes de infracciones de las leyes de tránsito.

Objetivo: Sintetizar as melhores evidências científicas internacionais disponíveis sobre a efetividade das intervenções para reduzir os acidentes de trânsito e suas consequências na população geral e na população ativa.

Métodos: Foi realizada uma ampla revisão sistemática da literatura em bases de dados biomédicas e da literatura cinzenta. A extração e a síntese dos dados e a análise de risco de viés foram conduzidas em paralelo por, pelo menos, dois pesquisadores.

Resultados: Foram selecionados para análise 41 estudos com risco de viés baixo a moderado. Destes, 18 possuíam design ecológico (série temporal), 10 eram estudos quase-experimentais, um estudo era um levantamento populacional, um era um estudo clínico randomizado e 11 eram revisões sistemáticas.

Conclusões: As intervenções que sistematicamente demonstraram um efeito positivo na incidência, morbidade e mortalidade de acidentes de trânsito são as políticas ou programas nacionais para regulamentar, cumprir as leis e aplicar sanções aos condutores que dirigem sob influência de álcool, melhorar a segurança e condições para condução de veículos, melhorar a infraestrutura viária visando evitar acidentes e educar e multar os condutores com histórico de infrações.

Keywords: Accidents, traffic; accidents, occupational; driving under the influence; occupational injuries; occupational mortality.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interests: None declared.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1. PRISMAᵃ flow diagram for search and exclusions in a systematic review of the effectiveness of interventions to reduce motor vehicle crashes and their injuries among the general and working populations, January 2006 – October 2016
ᵃ Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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