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Review
. 2019 May 16;21(7):30.
doi: 10.1007/s11894-019-0697-2.

Clinical Aspects of Thickeners for Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia

Daniel R Duncan  1 , Kara Larson  1 , Rachel L Rosen  2
Affiliations
Review

Clinical Aspects of Thickeners for Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia

Daniel R Duncan et al. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. .

Abstract

Purpose of review: The purpose of this review is to discuss current knowledge and recent findings regarding clinical aspects of thickeners for pediatric gastroesophageal reflux and oropharyngeal dysphagia. We review evidence for thickener efficacy, discuss types of thickeners, practical considerations when using various thickeners, and risks and benefits of thickener use in pediatrics.

Recent findings: Thickeners are effective in decreasing regurgitation and improving swallowing mechanics and can often be used empirically for the treatment of infants and young children. Adverse effects have been reported, but with careful consideration of appropriate thickener types, desired thickening consistency, and follow-up in collaboration with feeding specialists, most patients have symptomatic improvements. Thickeners are typically well tolerated and with few side effects, but close follow-up is needed to make sure patients tolerate thickeners and have adequate symptom improvement.

Keywords: Aspiration; Gastroesophageal reflux disease; Oropharyngeal dysphagia; Pediatrics; Regurgitation; Thickening.

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Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:. Clinical Algorithm for Thickening Feeds for Infants and Young Children
Note: Contraindications to thickener include history of necrotizing enterocolitis and disorders leading to poor intestinal perfusion, such as congenital heart disease.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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      NASPGHAN/ESPGHAN pediatric reflux guidelines, including suggested clinical algorithms, discussion of thickening and other approaches including hypoallergenic diet and anti-reflux medications.

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