Veneered zirconia abutments cemented on non-original titanium bases: 1-year results of a prospective case series

Abstract

Objectives: To assess clinical, technical, and esthetic outcomes of veneered zirconia reconstructions cemented on non-original titanium bases over 1 year.

Materials and methods: Twenty-four healthy patients presented with one missing tooth in the anterior maxilla or mandible and received a two-piece dental implant. The implants were restored with a screw-retained crown using a directly veneered zirconia reconstruction, which was extraorally cemented on a titanium base. After crown insertion, patients were scheduled for a baseline examination and re-examined at 6 months and at 1 year of loading. Measurements included biological, technical, and esthetic parameters. Data were analyzed with nonparametric tests.

Results: Mean marginal bone levels measured 0.54 ± 0.39 mm (median: 0.47, range: 0.07-1.75 mm) at baseline and 0.54 ± 0.45 mm (median: 0.44, range: 0.06-1.52 mm) at 1 year. Mean probing depth (PD) (3.0 ± 0.6 mm at baseline to 3.5 ± 0.7 mm at 1 year [p = 0.002]), bleeding on probing (BOP) (27.1% ± 20.7% at baseline to 43.9% ± 28.0% at 1 year [p = 0.041]), plaque index (PI) (11.1% ± 21.2% at baseline to 18.2% ± 21.8% at 1 year [p = 0.381]) increased, whereas the width of the keratinized mucosa decreased from baseline to 1 year (3.1 ± 1.3 mm at baseline to 3.0 ± 1.2 mm at 1 year [p = 0.398]). Four implants (16.7%) were diagnosed with peri-implantitis (BOP positive, bone loss >1 mm) during the 1-year observation period. One implant was lost at 3 ½ months, resulting in a 95.8% survival rate. Four technical complications occurred and led to 83.3% complication-free reconstructions.

Conclusion: A significant increase in PD and BOP values was observed using directly veneered zirconia reconstructions cemented on non-original titanium bases.

Keywords: biological; clinical; hybrid; prospective; technical; zirconia.