The effect of factors related to periodontal status toward peri-implantitis

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association between periodontal status and peri-implant diseases in patients with osseointegrated dental implants of different implant systems.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 200 consecutive implant patients using clinical and radiographic examinations during periodontal maintenance visits. The demographic data and treatment history were obtained from history taking and chart record review. The association between periodontal status and peri-implant diseases was analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression analysis.

Results: Patients with a history of chronic periodontitis had a significantly higher prevalence of peri-implantitis compared with those without a history of periodontal disease (25% vs. 10.9%). The highest prevalence of peri-implantitis was observed in patients with a history of severe chronic periodontitis. Data analysis revealed that peri-implant health status was significantly associated with past periodontal status, maintenance status, and present periodontal status. However, multivariate analysis indicated that only a history of chronic periodontitis was significantly associated with peri-implantitis (adjusted OR = 2.55, 95% CI 1.14-5.70, p = 0.02).

Conclusions: Patients with a history of chronic periodontitis, especially those with severe periodontal disease had a 2.5-fold increased risk of peri-implantitis.

Keywords: dental implants; peri-implant mucositis; peri-implantitis; periodontal status; periodontitis.