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. 2019 May 17;24(10):1898.
doi: 10.3390/molecules24101898.

Pharmacodynamics of Five Anthraquinones (Aloe-emodin, Emodin, Rhein, Chysophanol, and Physcion) and Reciprocal Pharmacokinetic Interaction in Rats with Cerebral Ischemia

Rong-Rong Li  1   2 , Xue-Fang Liu  3 , Su-Xiang Feng  4   5   6 , Sheng-Nan Shu  7   8 , Pei-Yang Wang  9   10 , Na Zhang  11 , Jian-Sheng Li  12   13 , Ling-Bo Qu  14
Affiliations

Pharmacodynamics of Five Anthraquinones (Aloe-emodin, Emodin, Rhein, Chysophanol, and Physcion) and Reciprocal Pharmacokinetic Interaction in Rats with Cerebral Ischemia

Rong-Rong Li et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

(1) Background: Rhubarb anthraquinones-a class of components with neuroprotective function-can be used to alleviate cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. (2) Methods: The three pharmacodynamic indicators are neurological function score, brain water content, and cerebral infarction area; UPLC-MS/MS was used in pharmacokinetic studies to detect plasma concentrations at different time points, and DAS software was used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters in a noncompartmental model. (3) Results: The results showed that the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of one of the five anthraquinone aglycones could be modified by the other four anthraquinones, and the degree of interaction between different anthraquinones was different. The chrysophanol group showed the greatest reduction in pharmacodynamic indicators comparing with other four groups where the rats were administered one of the five anthraquinones, and there was no significant difference between the nimodipine group. While the Aloe-emodin + Physcion group showed the most obvious anti-ischemic effect among the groups where the subjects were administered two of the five anthraquinones simultaneously. Emodin, rhein, chrysophanol, and physcion all increase plasma exposure levels of aloe-emodin, while aloe-emodin lower their plasma exposure levels. (4) Conclusions: This experiment provides a certain preclinical basis for the study of anthraquinone aglycones against cerebral ischemia and a theoretical basis for the study of the mechanism of interaction between anthraquinones.

Keywords: anthraquinones; interaction; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pharmacodynamic index: the neurological function scores, the water content, and area of cerebral infarction. The results are expressed in terms of means ± standard deviation (n = 10).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mean plasma concentration–time curves.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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