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Editorial
. 2019 Apr 19:6:10.
doi: 10.21037/sci.2019.04.01. eCollection 2019.

CD157 and CD200 at the crossroads of endothelial remodeling and immune regulation

Masuko Katoh  1 , Masaru Katoh  2
Affiliations
Editorial

CD157 and CD200 at the crossroads of endothelial remodeling and immune regulation

Masuko Katoh et al. Stem Cell Investig. .
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
CD157 and CD200 in vascular regeneration, tumorigenesis and neurodegeneration. CD157 (BST1) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored ectoenzyme that produces cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR). CD200 (OX-2) is expressed on endothelial cells, lymphocytes, pancreatic islet cells, neurons and cancer-associated fibroblasts and is a transmembrane-type ligand for the CD200R receptor, which is expressed on myeloid- and lymphoid-lineage cells. CD157 and CD200 are coexpressed on endothelial stem cells. CD200 and CD200R are coexpressed on mammary gland stem cells. CD157 is expressed on Paneth cells, which support intestinal stem cells. CD157 is expressed in acute myeloid leukemia, B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia, mesothelioma and ovarian cancer, whereas CD200 is expressed in B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia and classical Hodgkin lymphoma, and solid tumors, including basal cell carcinoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, Merkel cell carcinoma, small cell lung carcinoma and ovarian cancer. The CD157 single-nucleotide polymorphism rs11724635 is associated with the risk of Parkinson’s disease. Neuronal CD200 expression is downregulated in the postmortem brain of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis or Parkinson’s disease. CD157 and CD200 are involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes at the crossroads of vascular remodeling and immune regulation.
Figure 2
Figure 2
CD200 signaling-targeted therapeutics. (A) Investigational drugs inhibiting CD200 signaling. Antagonistic anti-CD200 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and engineered CD8+ T lymphocytes expressing CD200R-CD28 chimeric proteins (CD200R-IFP T cells) are investigational therapeutics that block the CD200-CD200R signaling cascade for the treatment of cancer patients with immune evasion. (B) Investigational drugs activating CD200 signaling. An agonistic anti-CD200R mAb, an adeno-associated virus expressing CD200 (AAV-CD200) and a CD200-Fc fusion protein are investigational therapeutics that stimulate anti-inflammatory CD200-CD200R signaling for neuroprotection in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. However, the context-dependent functions of CD200 signaling in angiogenesis and immunity in the central nervous system (CNS) and tumor microenvironment should be further investigated for future clinical application of CD200 signaling-targeted therapeutics.
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