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. 2019 Sep 3;56(5):1331-1337.
doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz066.

Entomological Efficacy of Aerial Ultra-Low Volume Insecticide Applications Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Mexico

Fabián Correa-Morales  1 , Felipe Dzul-Manzanilla  1 , Wilbert Bibiano-Marín  2 , José Vadillo-Sánchez  2 , Anuar Medina-Barreiro  2 , Abdiel Martin-Park  2 , Josué Villegas-Chim  2 , Armando E Elizondo-Quiroga  3 , Audrey Lenhart  4 , Gonzalo M Vazquez-Prokopec  5 , José Erales-Villamil  2 , Azael Che-Mendoza  2 , Pablo Manrique-Saide  2
Affiliations

Entomological Efficacy of Aerial Ultra-Low Volume Insecticide Applications Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Mexico

Fabián Correa-Morales et al. J Med Entomol. .

Abstract

A cluster-randomized controlled trial quantified the entomological efficacy of aerial ultra-low volume (AULV) applications of the insecticide chlorpyrifos against Aedes aegypti in Puerto Vallarta, México, during November-October 2017. The trial involved 16 large (1 × 1 km) clusters distributed between treatment-control arms. Primary endpoint was the abundance of Ae. aegypti indoors (total adults, females, and blood-fed females) collected using Prokopack aspirators. After four consecutive weekly cycles of AULV, all adult Ae. aegypti infestation indices were significantly lower in the treatment arm (OR and IRR ≤ 0.28). Efficacy in reducing indoor Ae. aegypti increased with each weekly application cycle from 30 to 73% (total adults), 33 to 76% (females), and 45.5 to 89% (blood-fed females). Entomological indices remained significantly lower in the treatment arm up to 2 wk after the fourth spraying round. Performing AULV spraying can have significant and lasting entomological impact on Ae. aegypti as long as multiple (ideally four) spray cycles are implemented using an effective insecticide.

Keywords: Mexico; RCT; aerial application; ultra-low volume; vector control.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Distribution of clusters (1 km2) on each arm of the trial. Inset shows the location of Puerto Vallarta in Mexico.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
(A) Aircraft employed in the trials with (B) the rotary atomizer mounted under wing and (C) aerial view during the application.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Entomological metrics of indoor Ae. aegypti infestation (% houses positive, left column) and abundance (average number collected per house, right column) calculated for intervention (gray lines) and control (black lines) arms before, during, and after AULV application in Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, México. Vertical dotted lines show each of the four AULV applications.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
Efficacy of AULV application of the organophosphate chloropyrifos on Ae. aegypti adult indices indoors in Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico. The vertical dotted lines show each of the four AULV applications and the horizontal line represents the reduction threshold of 90% (the indoor threshold for efficacious AULV applications recommended by Mexican Official Standards, DOF 2015).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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