Conflict of interest: V. Cottin reports personal fees and non-financial support from Actelion, Boehringer Ingelheim and Roche, for consultancy, lecture fees and travel to medical meetings; personal fees from Bayer/MSD and Galapagos for consultancy; personal fees from Gilead as a member of an adjudication committee; personal fees from Novartis for consultancy and lecture fees; personal fees from Promedior as chair of the Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB); personal fees from Celgene for the DSMB; as well as grants from Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche (to his institution) and Sanofi (as trial investigator), all outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: I. Annesi-Maesano has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: A. Günther has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: L. Galvin has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M. Kreuter has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: P. Powell is an employee of the European Lung Foundation. Conflict of interest: A. Prasse reports personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim and Roche (lecture fees, consulting fees and travel expenses), from Indalo and Sanofi Aventis (consulting fees), and from AstraZeneca and Novartis (lecture fees and travel expenses); as well as grants from Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca and Novartis, all outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: G. Reynolds has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: L. Richeldi reports personal fees for consultancy from Biogen, Sanofi-Aventis, Pliant Therapeutics, Asahi Kasei, Nitto, Celgene, Prometic and Toray; personal fees as a member of advisory boards from Roche, RespiVant, Zambon and Veracyte; personal fees as a member of steering committees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Fibrogen and Promedior; and grants from Roche and Boehringer Ingelheim, all outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: P. Spagnolo reports personal fees and non-financial support from Roche, Boehringer Ingelheim and Zambon, and personal fees from PPM Services, Galapagos and Chiesi Farmaceutici, all outside the submitted work. Additionally, P. Spagnolo's wife is an employee of Novartis. Conflict of interest: C. Valenzuela reports personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim and Roche, outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: M. Wijsenbeek reports grants and other support from Boehringer Ingelheim and Hoffman la Roche, and other support from Galapagos, outside the submitted work. All fees and grants are paid to her institution. Conflict of interest: W.A. Wuyts reports grants from Roche and Boehringer Ingelheim, paid to his university, outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: B. Crestani reports personal fees and non-financial support from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche and Sanofi (honoraria for speaking and board membership, and congress invitations), as well as grants from Boehringer Ingelheim and Roche, all outside the submitted work.