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. 2019 Nov;64(11):3104-3114.
doi: 10.1007/s10620-019-05667-7. Epub 2019 May 24.

Involvement of Potassium Channels, Nitric Oxide Synthase, and Guanylate Cyclase in the Spasmolytic Effect of Simaba ferruginea A.St.-Hil on Rat Isolated Ileum

Rafael B Almendra  1 , Oscar C da Fonseca  1 , Daniel B Nunes  1 , Tayane Izabely N da Silva  1 , Jéssica Sara de S M Oliveira  2 , Mariana Helena Chaves  2 , Aldeídia P de Oliveira  1 , Rosimeire F Dos Santos  1 , Rita de Cássia M Oliveira  3   4
Affiliations

Involvement of Potassium Channels, Nitric Oxide Synthase, and Guanylate Cyclase in the Spasmolytic Effect of Simaba ferruginea A.St.-Hil on Rat Isolated Ileum

Rafael B Almendra et al. Dig Dis Sci. 2019 Nov.

Abstract

Background and aim: Simaba ferruginea A.St.-Hil. Popularly known as "calunga," is a typical Brazilian cerrado plant whose rhizomes are popular for treating diarrhea.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the spasmolytic activity and the antidiarrheal effect of the ethanolic extract obtained from S. ferruginea (Sf-EtOH).

Methods: Ileal segments (1-2 cm) from male Wistar rats were mounted in isolated organ baths and connected to a force transducer, and then to an amplifier which was connected to a computer (AVS Projetos/São Paulo-SP). After stabilization for 60 min, under tension (1 gf), two submaximal contractions were induced with KCl 40 mM or carbachol 10-6 M on ileal segments. During the third tonic and sustained contraction, Sf-EtOH was added in cumulative concentrations to the organ bath. Incubations with L-NAME (10-4 M), ODQ (10-5 M), TEA+ (5 or 1 mM), glibenclamide (10-5 M), or apamine (100 nM) were prepared (n = 5), separately and used to verify the involvement of the nitric oxide synthase, guanylate cyclase, and potassium channels in the relaxing effect. The results were expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean and were statistically evaluated using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test, when necessary *p < 0.05.

Results: Sf-EtOH promotes relaxation on rat isolated ileum pre-contracted with CCh and KCl in a concentration-dependent manner. Sf-EtOH also inhibited ileum contractions against cumulative concentrations of carbachol (CCh), KCl, and CaCl2, shifting the curves to the right in a non-parallel manner with an Emax reduction. In the presence of potassium channel blockers, Sf-EtOH shifted the curves to the right with a reduction of Emax, suggesting the involvement of BKCa, KATP, and SKCa in its spasmolytic effect. In the presence of L-NAME or ODQ, the relaxation curves were shifted to the right, suggesting the involvement of this pathway in Sf-EtOH spasmolytic effect.

Conclusions: Sf-EtOH acts in a concentration-dependent manner, involving the positive modulation of K+ channels and NO pathway.

Keywords: Medicinal plants; Nitric oxide; Potassium channels; Rat ileum.

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