Secondary metabolites from the mangrove sediment-derived fungus Penicillium pinophilum SCAU037

Abstract

Five new funicone derivatives, pinophilones A-E (1a/1b and 2-4), along with 18 biosynthetically related known analogues (5-22), were obtained from the culture of a mangrove sediment-derived fungus Penicillium pinophilum SCAU037. Their structures were established by analysis of 1D/2D NMR and MS data, while the absolute configurations of the new compounds were determined by ECD calculation based on time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The dihydrofuran moiety in 1a and 1b was first reported for funicone derivatives. Compound 22 exhibited antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis and Staphylococcus aureus with IC₅₀ of 23.5 and 2.6 μM, respectively, while 16, 18 and 22 showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ of 51.9, 78.4 and 33.8 μM, respectively.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Funicone analogues; Mangrove sediment; Penicillium pinophilum; α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity.