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. 2019 Jul;15(7):1153-1159.
doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2019.03.048. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Prospective assessment of fibrinolysis in morbid obesity: tissue plasminogen activator resistance improves after bariatric surgery

Jason Samuels  1 , Peter J Lawson  2 , Alexander P Morton  3 , Hunter B Moore  2 , Kirk C Hansen  4 , Angela Sauaia  5 , Jonathan A Schoen  6
Affiliations

Prospective assessment of fibrinolysis in morbid obesity: tissue plasminogen activator resistance improves after bariatric surgery

Jason Samuels et al. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2019 Jul.

Abstract

Background: Morbid obesity is associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events, which has been attributed to increased thrombotic activity. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to explain this increased risk, including an inflammatory state with upregulation of procoagulant and antifibrinolytic proteins. We therefore hypothesize that patients with morbid obesity are hypercoagulable and will revert to normal after bariatric surgery.

Objectives: To evaluate changes in the hypercoagulable state after bariatric surgery.

Setting: University Hospital, Bariatric Center of Excellence, United States.

Methods: Thromboelastography (TEG) data were collected on 72 subjects with morbid obesity, with 36 who had 6 months of follow-up after bariatric surgery. TEG data of 75 healthy subjects (HS) without obesity, recent trauma or surgery, acute infection, or chronic conditions (e.g., liver, cardiovascular, or kidney disease; cancer; diabetes; autoimmune or inflammatory disorders; and disorders of coagulation) were used for comparison. TEG was performed alone and with the addition of 75 and 150 ng/mL tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) to quantify fibrinolysis resistance (tPA-challenged TEG).

Results: The bariatric surgery cohort had a median age of 40.5 years, a median body mass index of 44.6 kg/m2, and 90% female patients. Median body mass index reduced significantly 6 months post surgery but remained elevated compared with the HS group (31.4 versus 25.4 kg/m2, P < .0001). At 6 months post surgery, subjects had longer reaction time (mean difference, 1.3; P = .02), lower maximum amplitude (-2.4, P = .01), and increased fibrinolysis with low-dose (3.1, P < .0001) and high-dose tPA-challenged TEG (9, P < .0001). Compared with HS, the postsurgery TEG values were still more likely to be abnormal (all P < .05).

Conclusions: Patients with morbid obesity form stronger clots more rapidly and are more resistant to fibrinolysis than subjects without obesity. Bariatric surgery significantly improved the hypercoagulable profile and fibrinolysis resistance of morbid obesity.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Coagulopathy; Fibrinolysis; Morbid obesity; Thromboelastography; Thrombosis; Venous thromboembolism.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
CONSORT diagram of patients lost to follow-up and with absent data. TEG = thromboelastography.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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