Neer Award 2019: Latarjet procedure vs. iliac crest bone graft transfer for treatment of anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss: a prospective randomized trial

Abstract

Background: The Latarjet and iliac crest bone graft transfer (ICBGT) procedures are competing treatment options for anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss.

Methods: In this bicentric prospective randomized study, 60 patients with anterior shoulder instability and glenoid bone loss were included and randomized to either an open Latarjet or open ICBGT (J-bone graft) procedure. Clinical evaluation was completed before surgery and 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery, including the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability index, Rowe score, Subjective Shoulder Value, pain level, satisfaction level, and work and sports impairment, as well as assessment of instability, range of motion, and strength. Adverse events were prospectively recorded. Radiographic evaluation included preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up computed tomography analysis.

Results: None of the clinical scores showed a significant difference between the 2 groups (P > .05). Strength and range of motion showed no significant differences except for diminished internal rotation capacity in the Latarjet group at every follow-up time point (P < .05). A single postoperative traumatic subluxation event occurred in 2 ICBGT patients and 1 Latarjet patient. The type and severity of other adverse events were heterogeneous. Donor-site sensory disturbances were observed in 27% of the ICBGT patients. Computed tomography scans revealed a larger glenoid augmentation effect of the ICBGTs; this, however, was attenuated at follow-up.

Conclusion: The Latarjet and ICBGT procedures for the treatment of anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss showed no difference in clinical and radiologic outcomes except for significantly worse internal rotation capacity in the Latarjet group and frequently noted donor-site sensory disturbances in the ICBGT group.

Keywords: J-bone graft; Latarjet; Shoulder instability; glenoid bone loss; iliac crest bone graft transfer.