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. 2019 May 28;11(6):1213.
doi: 10.3390/nu11061213.

Dietary Inflammatory Index and Odds of Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps in A Case-Control Study from Iran

Pegah Rafiee  1   2 , Nitin Shivappa  3   4   5 , James R Hébert  6   7   8 , Saeede Jaafari Nasab  9 , Alireza Bahrami  10 , Azita Hekmatdoost  11 , Bahram Rashidkhani  12 , Amir Sadeghi  13 , Mohammad Houshyari  14 , Ehsan Hejazi  11
Affiliations

Dietary Inflammatory Index and Odds of Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps in A Case-Control Study from Iran

Pegah Rafiee et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Background: Chronic inflammation is implicated in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursor; colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAP). Some dietary factors are important triggers for systemic inflammation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and the risk of CRC and CAP in an Iranian case-control study.

Methods: 134 newly diagnosed CRC patients, 130 newly diagnosed CAP patients, and 240 hospitalized controls were recruited using convenience sampling. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores were computed based on dietary intake assessed using a reproducible and valid 148-item food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) after adjusting for confounders.

Results: The E-DII score ranged between -4.23 (the most anti-inflammatory score) to +3.89 (the most pro-inflammatory score). The multivariable-adjusted ORs for participants in the 3rd tertile compared to the 1st tertile was 5.08 (95%CI: 2.70-9.56; P-trend < 0.0001) for CRC and 2.33 (95% CI: 1.30-4.02; P-trend = 0.005) for CAP.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that more pro-inflammatory diets, indicated by higher E-DII scores, might increase the risk of both CRC and CAP. Future steps should include testing these associations in a prospective setting in Iran.

Keywords: colorectal adenomatous polyps; colorectal cancer; diet; dietary inflammatory index; inflammation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sequence of steps in creating the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) scores in the Iranian colorectal cancer case-control study.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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