[Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis involving fifteen vertebral bodies positive for anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody: a case report]

Abstract

A 16-year-old male with no previous medical history developed sudden fever and urinary dysfunction. He was admitted to our hospital due to bilateral leg weakness and sensory disturbance on the third day of weakness onset. A sagittal T₂-weighted image displayed a longitudinal extensive lesion of transverse myelitis in the spinal column from the upper cervical (C2) to the thoracic region (Th9). The patient was diagnosed with autoimmune myelitis and treated with four courses of intravenous methylprednisolone (1 g/day for three consecutive days per week). This improved his signs, and his serum sample tested negative for anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) antibody but positive for anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody in cell-based assays. We report this case of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis involving fifteen vertebral bodies positive for anti-MOG antibody.

Keywords: anti-aquaporin (AQP) 4 antibody; anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody; longitudinally extensive lesion; transverse myelitis.