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. 2019 Apr;8(4):1453-1459.
doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_89_19.

A retrospective cross-sectional study of maxillofacial trauma in Delhi-NCR Region

Lokesh Chandra  1 , D Deepa  2 , Mansi Atri  3 , Souvir Mohan Pandey  4 , Deepak Passi  5 , Jyoti Goyal  6 , Abhimanyu Sharma  1 , Utkarsh Gupta  7
Affiliations

A retrospective cross-sectional study of maxillofacial trauma in Delhi-NCR Region

Lokesh Chandra et al. J Family Med Prim Care. 2019 Apr.

Abstract

Aim and objectives: To evaluate the pattern, prevalence, etiology, site of fractures, and their management in patients with maxillofacial injury in Delhi-NCR region.

Materials and methods: A total of 1278 maxillofacial trauma patients visiting different registered hospitals from Delhi-NCR region from January 2012 to December 2017, treated by open reduction and internal fixation under general anesthesia (GA)/local anesthesia (LA) or closed reduction/conservatively, were taken into the study. The parameters considered in the study were age and sex distribution, etiological factors and incidence of maxillofacial trauma, pattern and site distribution of maxillofacial fractures, and management.

Results: From a total of 2250 trauma patients, 1278 patients (1053 males and 225 females) had maxillofacial injury. The average prevalence rate was 56.8%. Yearly incidence rate was 20.4%. Road traffic accident (RTA) was the most common cause of trauma in 1029 (80.5%) patients, followed by physical assault [158 (12.3%)] with significant male predominance in different age groups. Isolated mandibular fractures were the most common [48.6% (parasymphysis 31.6%, condyle 28.2%)], followed by midface with maxilla fracture [27.6% (zygomatic bone and arch 50.2% and Lefort II fractures 18%)]. Treatment modalities were conservative management, closed reduction, and open reduction with internal fixation under GA/LA.

Conclusion: RTA followed by physical assault is still the leading cause of maxillofacial trauma in young males in Delhi-NCR region. Mini plate osteosynthesis is the main treatment procedure for maxillofacial trauma. We need to enforce strict traffic rules, road safety law, and preventive measures along with improvement in education and socioeconomic status in the population to avoid maxillofacial injuries.

Keywords: Intermaxillary fixation; maxillofacial trauma; open reduction and internal fixation; road traffic accident; zygomatico complex.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Graph 1
Graph 1
Annual incidence of maxillofacial trauma
Graph 2
Graph 2
Distribution of facial fractures in maxillofacial trauma
Graph 3
Graph 3
Anatomical distribution of mandibular fractures in maxillofacial trauma
Graph 4
Graph 4
Anatomical distribution of midface fractures in maxillofacial trauma
Graph 5
Graph 5
Treatment modalities for maxillofacial trauma
Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of mandibular fractures
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of mid face fractures
Figure 3
Figure 3
Closed reduction and intermaxillary fixation
Figure 4
Figure 4
Open reduction and internal fixation
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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