Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2019 May 30;20(11):2666.
doi: 10.3390/ijms20112666.

Cytomegalovirus Infections after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Current Status and Future Immunotherapy

Sung-Yeon Cho  1   2   3 , Dong-Gun Lee  4   5   6 , Hee-Je Kim  7   8   9
Affiliations
Review

Cytomegalovirus Infections after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Current Status and Future Immunotherapy

Sung-Yeon Cho et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is one of the critical infectious complications related to host immune recovery. The spectrum of CMV infection is quite extensive, from asymptomatic CMV reactivation presenting mainly as CMV DNAemia to fatal CMV diseases involving gut, liver, lungs, or brain. In addition to organ involvement, CMV reactivation can exert indirect effects such as immunosuppression or graft failure that may result in the development of concurrent infectious complications. Currently, preemptive therapy, which is based on PCR-based monitoring of CMV from blood, is a mainstay enabling improvement in CMV-related outcomes. During the past decades, new antiviral drugs, clinical trials for prophylaxis in high-risk groups, and vaccines for preventing CMV infection have been introduced. In addition, data for immunologic monitoring and adoptive immunotherapy have also been accumulated. Here, we review the current status and recent updates in this field, with future perspectives including immunotherapy in HSCT recipients.

Keywords: T lymphocyte; antiviral drugs; cell therapy; cytomegalovirus; hematopoietic cell transplantation; vaccine.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

S.-Y.C. has received research support from Novartis, and payment for lectures from Merck Sharp and Dohme. D.-G.L. has served as a consultant for Chong Kun Dang, has served as a board menber for Merck Sharp and Dohme, and has received research support, and payment for lectures including service on speaker’s bureaus from Chong Kun Dang, Merck Sharp and Dohm, and SL VaxiGen. H.-J.K. has served as a consultant for Celgene, Astellas, Amgen, Hanmi, Chugai, Yuhan, AGP, and SL VaxiGen, and has received research support and/or payment for lectures from Sanofi, BL and H, Novartis, Celgene, Handok, Janssen, and Otsuka. The companies listed above did not play a role in the preparation of this manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Overview of host immune response after cytomegalovirus infection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Expression of the SOCS1 gene in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. Different expression of SOCS1 according to the cytomegalovirus reactivation and graft-versus-host diseases status (data modified from Blood Res 2015, 50, 40–45 [75]). Abbreviations: CMV, cytomegalovirus; GVHD, graft-versus-host diseases.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Cho S.Y., Lee H.J., Lee D.G. Infectious complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Current status and future perspectives in Korea. Korean J. Intern. Med. 2018;33:256–276. doi: 10.3904/kjim.2018.036. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Wingard J.R., Hsu J., Hiemenz J.W. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: An overview of infection risks and epidemiology. Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North. Am. 2011;25:101–116. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2010.11.008. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Tomblyn M., Chiller T., Einsele H., Gress R., Sepkowitz K., Storek J., Wingard J.R., Young J.A., Boeckh M.J. Guidelines for preventing infectious complications among hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients: A global perspective. Biol. Blood Marrow Transpl. 2009;15:1143–1238. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.06.019. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Safdar A., Armstrong D. Infections in patients with hematologic neoplasms and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Neutropenia, humoral, and splenic defects. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2011;53:798–806. doi: 10.1093/cid/cir492. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Boeckh M., Geballe A.P. Cytomegalovirus: Pathogen, paradigm, and puzzle. J. Clin. Invest. 2011;121:1673–1680. doi: 10.1172/JCI45449. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms