Activity of Carbonic Anhydrase VI is Higher in Dental Biofilm of Children with Caries

Abstract

This study investigated pH, activity and concentration of carbonic anhydrase VI (CA VI) in dental biofilm of caries and caries-free children of 7-9 years old. Seventy-four children were selected and divided into two groups. The caries diagnosis was performed according to the WHO criteria, including the early caries lesion. After biofilm collection and pH determination, CA VI concentration and activity were determined by ELISA and Zimography respectively. The data were submitted to a Mann-Whitney test and to Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses. Means and standard deviations of dental caries for the caries group were of 3.162 ± 1.385. The biofilm pH was significantly higher in the caries-free group. The CA VI activity was significantly higher in biofilm of children with caries. The CA VI concentration was significantly higher in biofilm of caries-free children. In caries-free children, there was a moderate negative correlation between CA VI activity and concentration in dental biofilm as well as between pH and CA VI activity. A negative correlation between biofilm pH and CA VI concentration was found in the caries group. In conclusion, CA VI was shown to be more active in the biofilm of school children with caries in order to contribute to neutralization of biofilm acid.

Keywords: biofilms; carbonic anhydrase VI; dental care for children.

Figure 1

Boxplot graphics of biofilm pH, expressed as pH units of caries and caries-free children. (p = 0.0005, Mann Whitney test). * Means statistically significant difference between groups.

Figure 2

Boxplot graphics of CA VI activity (CA VI) (p = 0.0421, Mann Whitney test) and of CA VI concentration (p = 0.0335, Mann-Whitney test) in dental biofilm of caries and caries-free children. * Means statistically significant difference between groups.