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Comment
. 2019 Jul;29(7):509-511.
doi: 10.1038/s41422-019-0185-0.

The insulin receptor goes nuclear

Thiago M Batista  1 , Carly T Cederquist  1 , C Ronald Kahn  2
Affiliations
Comment

The insulin receptor goes nuclear

Thiago M Batista et al. Cell Res. 2019 Jul.
No abstract available

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Left, insulin receptor (IR) signaling cascade-mediated gene regulation. (1) Activated IR recruits and phosphorylates substrate proteins such as IRS and SHC; (2) IRS phosphorylation leads to PI3K-dependent AKT activation. SHC phosphorylation leads to RAS-dependent ERK activation; (3) Activated downstream signaling kinases phosphorylate transcription factors (TFs) and promote changes in TF nuclear translocation, post-translational processing and/or expression. Stimulatory phosphorylation promotes transcriptional complex formation leading to increased transcription. Inhibitory phosphorylation promotes nuclear exclusion and inaccessibility to chromatin leading to decreased transcription. Right, direct IR action on gene regulation. (1) Activated IR on the cell surface undergo internalization process through pathways involving clathrin-coated pits. (2) IR translocates to the nucleus. Mass spectrometry data suggests involvement of the importin family of proteins represented by karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2), as well as heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). (3) Nuclear IR associates with chromatin and forms a complex containing HCF-1, Pol II and DNA-binding transcription factors, such as THAP11 and potentially others
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Comment on

References

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