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. 2019 Jun;14(3):201-208.
doi: 10.4103/1735-5362.258486.

Protective effects of melatonin solid lipid nanoparticles on testis histology after testicular trauma in rats

Mehri Mirhoseini  1   2 , Zahra Rezanejad Gatabi  3 , Majid Saeedi  3   4 , Katayoun Morteza-Semnani  5 , Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri  2   6 , Hamid Reza Kelidari  4 , Abbas Ali Karimpour Malekshah  2   6
Affiliations

Protective effects of melatonin solid lipid nanoparticles on testis histology after testicular trauma in rats

Mehri Mirhoseini et al. Res Pharm Sci. 2019 Jun.

Abstract

Testicular traumatic injuries occur frequently, which can result in an alteration in spermatogenesis. These injuries can also cause oxidative stress and male infertility. Antioxidant efficiency of melatonin (MLT), known as a potent antioxidant, will be improved if used in a form of solid lipid nanoparticles (MLT-SLN). The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effect of MLT-loaded SLN on traumatic testis in rats. In this study 32 adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 (sham group), right testicle was drawn out from the scrotum and returned without manipulation. Group 2, right testicle was dropped by 25 g sinker for 4 times. Group 3, animals were received a single dose (25 mg/kg) of MLT intraperitoneally after trauma. Group 4, animals were received a single dose of MLT-SLN intraperitoneally after trauma. Under anaesthesia, rats were sacrificed, and their testicles were removed three days after the surgery. After tissue processing, the sample sections were H&E stained. MLT and MLT-SLN could partially repair spermatogenesis by Johnson's criteria but the repairs were significant only in MLT-SLN group (P = 0.02). Trauma decreased seminiferous tubule diameter and its epithelium height. MLT could restore epithelium height (P ≤ 0.05) but its NPs improved both epithelium diameter (P ≤ 0.05) and thickness (P ≤ 0.001). The Malondialdehyde increased significantly in trauma group (P = 0.002), but decreased in MLT and NPs groups compared to trauma group (P = 0.098 and P = 0.002 respectively). This decrease was significant only in NPs group. Testicular trauma disturbed spermatogenesis, morphometric, and oxidative parameters. MLT and specially MLT-SLN improved traumatic damages.

Keywords: Melatonin; Nanoparticles; Rats; Testis.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The release profile of melatonin from related nanoparticles.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Transmission electron microscopy micrographs of melatonin loaded on solid lipid nanoparticles.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Hematoxylin and eosin stained sections of testis tissue in the sham and experimental rats. (A) Nearly normal spermatogenesis is seen in the sham group. (B) Spermatogenesis is disturbed in trauma group and some degrees of germ cell detachment and sloughing (star), and vacuolization (arrow) is seen. Karyolitic cells are seen between Sertoli cells, next to the tunica albuginea (arrow head). (C) Melatonin could repair these changes to some extent. (D) Melatonin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles also improved the spermatogenesis. (H & E. ×400). Scale bar = 100 μm.
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