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Review
. 2019 Jun 6;20(11):2777.
doi: 10.3390/ijms20112777.

Progress in Mycotoxins Affecting Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function

Zhihua Ren  1 , Chaoyue Guo  2 , Shumin Yu  3 , Ling Zhu  4 , Ya Wang  5 , Hui Hu  6 , Junliang Deng  7
Affiliations
Review

Progress in Mycotoxins Affecting Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function

Zhihua Ren et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Mycotoxins, which are widely found in feed ingredients and human food, can exert harmful effects on animals and pose a serious threat to human health. As the first barrier against external pollutants, the intestinal mucosa is protected by a mechanical barrier, chemical barrier, immune barrier, and biological barrier. Firstly, mycotoxins can disrupt the mechanical barrier function of the intestinal mucosa, by destroying the morphology and tissue integrity of the intestinal epithelium. Secondly, mycotoxins can cause changes in the composition of mucin monosaccharides and the expression of intestinal mucin, which in turn affects mucin function. Thirdly, mycotoxins can cause damage to the intestinal mucosal immune barrier function. Finally, the microbiotas of animals closely interact with ingested mycotoxins. Based on existing research, this article reviews the effects of mycotoxins on the intestinal mucosal barrier and its mechanisms.

Keywords: intestinal barrier; intestinal mucosa; mycotoxins.

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Conflict of interest statement

This article has not been published elsewhere in whole or in part. All authors have read and approved the content and agreed to submit for consideration for publication in the journal. The authors declared no conflicts of interest. All work complies with the Ethical Policies and has been conducted under internationally accepted ethical standards after relevant ethical review.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The agent that activates the cascade in the MAPK pathway, which can lead to TJs opening or assembly. The uppermost portion of the figure indicates the activators of the MAPK pathway that leads to TJs disassembly (red) or that favor TJs tightening (blue). The hierarchical organization of MAP signaling cascades into three-tiered modules of MAPKKK, MAPKK and MAPK is shown [38].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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