The alpha methyl dopa hypersensitive gene, 1(2)amd, and two adjacent genes in Drosophila melanogaster: physical location and direct effects of amd on catecholamine metabolism

Abstract

The dopa decarboxylase gene (Ddc) is located in a very dense cluster of genes many of whose functions appear to be related to the physiological role of dopa decarboxylase (DDC) in catecholamine metabolism. In Drosophila melanogaster catecholamine metabolism is involved in the production of neurotransmitters and in the synthesis of cross-linking agents for cuticular sclerotization. In this report we consider three loci near Ddc that affect cuticle formation. The alpha methyl dopa hypersensitive gene, 1(2)amd, is definitively assigned to a transcriptional unit 2 kb distal to Ddc. The assignment of 1(2) 37 Bd and 1(2)37 Cc to coding regions in the immediate vicinity of amd and Ddc is examined. amd+ gene activity performs a vital function essential for the formation of insect cuticle and also determines the level of sensitivity to the DDC analogue inhibitor, alpha methyl dopa. We present data that provide direct evidence that the amd+ gene product is required for a step in the metabolism of dopa to one or more novel catecholamines involved in the colorless sclerotization of cuticle.