. 2019 Jun 8;16(11):2036.

doi: 10.3390/ijerph16112036.

Metabolic Outcomes in Southern Italian Preadolescents Residing Near an Industrial Complex: The Role of Residential Location and Socioeconomic Status

Esha Bansal^{1

2}, Donatella Placidi³, Shaye Carver^{4

5}, Stefano Renzetti^{6

7}, Augusto Giorgino⁸, Giuseppa Cagna⁹, Silvia Zoni¹⁰, Chiara Fedrighi¹¹, Miriana Montemurro^{12

13}, Manuela Oppini¹⁴, Michele Conversano¹⁵, Stefano Guazzetti^{16

17}, Robert O Wright¹⁸, Donald Smith¹⁹, Luz Claudio²⁰, Roberto G Lucchini^{21

22}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. esha.bansal@icahn.mssm.edu.
² Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. esha.bansal@icahn.mssm.edu.
³ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. donatella.placidi@unibs.it.
⁴ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. carversh@bc.edu.
⁵ Department of Biology, Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, PA 02467, USA. carversh@bc.edu.
⁶ Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. stefano.renzetti@unibs.it.
⁷ Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy. stefano.renzetti@unibs.it.
⁸ Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy. augusto.giorgino@asl.taranto.it.
⁹ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. giuseppa.cagna@unibs.it.
¹⁰ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. silvia.zoni@unibs.it.
¹¹ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. chiara.fedrighi@unibs.it.
¹² Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. miriana.montemurro@unibs.it.
¹³ Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy. miriana.montemurro@unibs.it.
¹⁴ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. manuela.oppini@unibs.it.
¹⁵ Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy. michele.conversano@asl.taranto.it.
¹⁶ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. stefano.guazzetti@ausl.re.it.
¹⁷ Local Health Authority of Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy. stefano.guazzetti@ausl.re.it.
¹⁸ Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. robert.wright@mssm.edu.
¹⁹ Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. drsmith@ucsc.edu.
²⁰ Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. luz.claudio@mssm.edu.
²¹ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. roberto.lucchini@unibs.it.
²² Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. roberto.lucchini@unibs.it.

PMID: 31181712
PMCID: PMC6603983
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16112036

Metabolic Outcomes in Southern Italian Preadolescents Residing Near an Industrial Complex: The Role of Residential Location and Socioeconomic Status

Esha Bansal et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019.

. 2019 Jun 8;16(11):2036.

doi: 10.3390/ijerph16112036.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. esha.bansal@icahn.mssm.edu.
² Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. esha.bansal@icahn.mssm.edu.
³ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. donatella.placidi@unibs.it.
⁴ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. carversh@bc.edu.
⁵ Department of Biology, Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, PA 02467, USA. carversh@bc.edu.
⁶ Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. stefano.renzetti@unibs.it.
⁷ Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy. stefano.renzetti@unibs.it.
⁸ Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy. augusto.giorgino@asl.taranto.it.
⁹ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. giuseppa.cagna@unibs.it.
¹⁰ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. silvia.zoni@unibs.it.
¹¹ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. chiara.fedrighi@unibs.it.
¹² Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. miriana.montemurro@unibs.it.
¹³ Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy. miriana.montemurro@unibs.it.
¹⁴ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. manuela.oppini@unibs.it.
¹⁵ Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy. michele.conversano@asl.taranto.it.
¹⁶ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. stefano.guazzetti@ausl.re.it.
¹⁷ Local Health Authority of Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy. stefano.guazzetti@ausl.re.it.
¹⁸ Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. robert.wright@mssm.edu.
¹⁹ Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. drsmith@ucsc.edu.
²⁰ Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. luz.claudio@mssm.edu.
²¹ Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy. roberto.lucchini@unibs.it.
²² Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. roberto.lucchini@unibs.it.

PMID: 31181712
PMCID: PMC6603983
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16112036

Abstract

Evidence suggests that environmental exposures and socioeconomic factors may interact to produce metabolic changes in children. We assessed the influence of residential location and socioeconomic status (SES) on pediatric body mass index (BMI) Z-score and fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentration. Participants included 214 children aged 6-11 years who live near a large industrial complex in Taranto, Italy. Participants were grouped into residential zones based on the distance between their home address and the complex periphery (Zone 1: 0.000-4.999 km, Zone 2: 5.000-9.999 km, Zone 3: 10.000-15.000 km). BMI Z-scores were calculated via World Health Organization (WHO) pediatric reference curves. FBG was obtained via venous blood sampling. Closer residential location to the industrial complex on the order of 5.000 km was significantly associated with worsened metabolic outcomes, particularly in female children. Zone 1 participants had higher BMI-adjusted FBG than Zone 2 and 3 participants (p < 0.05 versus Zone 2; p < 0.01 versus Zone 3). SES did not significantly influence BMI-adjusted FBG. Moreover, BMI Z-scores indicated high rates of overweight (22.0%) and obesity (22.9%) in the cohort. BMI Z-score was not significantly associated with SES or residential zone but was negatively associated with maternal education level (p < 0.05). These results offer new evidence that residing near industrial activity may predict adverse effects on child metabolic health.

Keywords: BMI; air pollution; blood glucose; body mass index; children; industrial; obesity; residential location; socioeconomic status.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Geographic description of the residential zones (circles) used to define participant proximity to the industrial complex (polygon).

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Metabolic Outcomes in Southern Italian Preadolescents Residing Near an Industrial Complex: The Role of Residential Location and Socioeconomic Status

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Metabolic Outcomes in Southern Italian Preadolescents Residing Near an Industrial Complex: The Role of Residential Location and Socioeconomic Status

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