Hydrodeoxygenation Using Magnetic Induction: High-Temperature Heterogeneous Catalysis in Solution

Abstract

Magnetic heating has recently been demonstrated as an efficient way to perform catalytic reactions after deposition of the heating agent and the catalyst on a support. Here we show that in solution, and under mild conditions of mean temperature and pressure, it is possible to use magnetic heating to carry out transformations that are otherwise performed heterogeneously at high pressure and/or high temperature. As a proof of concept, we chose the hydrodeoxygenation of acetophenone derivatives and of biomass-derived molecules, namely furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural. These reactions are difficult, require heterogeneous catalysts and high pressures, and, to the best of our knowledge, have no precedent in standard solution. Here, hydrodeoxygenations are fully selective under mild conditions (3 bar H₂ , moderate mean temperature of the solvent). The reason for this reactivity is the fast heating of the particles well above the boiling temperature of the solvent and the local creation of hot spots surrounded by a vapor layer, in which high temperature and pressure may be present. This technology may be practicable for many organic transformations.

Keywords: biomass; catalysis; hydrodeoxygenation; magnetic hyperthermia; nanoparticles.