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. 2019 Jun 5;11(6):516.
doi: 10.3390/v11060516.

Serological Evidence of Influenza D Virus Circulation Among Cattle and Small Ruminants in France

Justine Oliva  1 , Amit Eichenbaum  2 , Jade Belin  3 , Maria Gaudino  4 , Jean Guillotin  5 , Jean-Pierre Alzieu  6 , Philippe Nicollet  7 , Roland Brugidou  8 , Eric Gueneau  9 , Evelyne Michel  10 , Gilles Meyer  11 , Mariette F Ducatez  12
Affiliations

Serological Evidence of Influenza D Virus Circulation Among Cattle and Small Ruminants in France

Justine Oliva et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

Influenza D virus (IDV) has first been identified in 2011 in the USA and was shown to mainly circulate in cattle. While IDV is associated with mild respiratory signs, its prevalence is still unknown. In the present study we show that IDV has been circulating throughout France in cattle and small ruminants, with 47.2% and 1.5% seropositivity, respectively. The high prevalence and moderate pathogenicity of IDV in cattle suggest that it may play an initiating role in the bovine respiratory disease complex.

Keywords: France; Influenza D virus; cattle; epidemiology; seroprevalence; small ruminants.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The sponsors had no role in the design, execution, interpretation, or writing of the study.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Seroprevalence of influenza D virus in cattle, ovine and caprine from different regions in France. These sera were collected between 2014 and 2018. Selected regions are in black, with their name indicated on the map. Seroprevalence in cattle is indicated in bold font. Bv: bovine; Sh: sheep; Gt: goat.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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