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. 2019 May;8(5):1607-1612.
doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_196_19.

Prevalence of intestinal parasites among rural and urban population in Puducherry, South India - A community-based study

Dashwa Langbang  1 , Rahul Dhodapkar  1 , Subhash C Parija  2 , K C Premarajan  3 , Nonika Rajkumari  1
Affiliations

Prevalence of intestinal parasites among rural and urban population in Puducherry, South India - A community-based study

Dashwa Langbang et al. J Family Med Prim Care. 2019 May.

Abstract

Introduction: Developing country, like India intestinal parasitic infections are still remaining as the most important health problem in public of concern. The infection remains the most leading cause of morbidity and mortality especially among the childrens. It is presumed that the prevalence is high in developing countries probably due to poor sanitary conditions and improper personal hygiene practice.

Aim: The main aim of this study was carried to find out the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among rural and urban population of Puducherry, India.

Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out between the period September 2016 to December 2018. Random sampling was adopted to collect stool samples from urban and rural population in Puducherry. A door to door survey was done. Stool samples were collected from rural setting (n = 500) and urban setting (n = 506) and transport to the parasitology section, Dept. of Microbiology, JIPMER were subjected to routine stool investigations. The results were recorded, and data were presented in the form of frequency and distribution. Data entry was done in MS Excel and analysis was carried out in SPSS software version 22.

Results: Among the rural and urban population, 500 stool samples from the rural population showed nearly 40.4% intestinal parasites Giardia intestinalis (21.2%), Blastocystis spp (8.8%), Entamoeba spp (6.6%), hookworm (2.8%), Ascaris lumbricoides (1%), Hymenolepis nana (0%) and 506 stool samples from urban population showed 20.3% of intestinal parasites (Giardia intestinalis (10.4%), Blastocystis spp (3.7%), Entamoeba spp (3.3%), hookworm (1.7%), Hymenolepis nana (0.9%), Ascaris lumbricoides (0%). There was a noticeable male predominance pattern (31.4%) compared to female showing 29.1% positivity. The increase in the prevalence of intestinal parasites among rural population than the urban population was statistically significant.

Conclusion: The stool samples collected from rural population showed high prevalence of intestinal parasite infestation when compared to urban population, hence necessary interventions like health education, awareness creation and medical intervention should be undertaken particularly among the rural population. In our study population, age group between 1-10 years are predominantly infected with these parasites.

Keywords: Helminths; South India; hygiene; intestinal parasites; protozoa; sanitation.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A geographic map showing the location of the rural and urban settings (red dots) involved in the study. This map was created using the Esri ArcMap 10.2.1 software. This image has been reproduced with the permission of ICMR, VCRC Pondicherry-06
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of intestinal parasites among rural and urban population
Figure 3
Figure 3
Comparison of rural and urban samples based on presence of intestinal parasites
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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