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. 2019 Jun 14;8(1):54.
doi: 10.1186/s40249-019-0554-4.

Surveillance of drug resistance tuberculosis based on reference laboratory data in Ethiopia

Getu Diriba  1 , Abebaw Kebede  2 , Habteyes Hailu Tola  2 , Ayinalem Alemu  2 , Mengistu Tadesse  2 , Epherem Tesfaye  2 , Zemedu Mehamed  2 , Abiyot Meaza  2 , Bazezew Yenew  2 , Hilina Molalign  2 , Biniyam Dagne  2 , Waganeh Sinshaw  2 , Misikir Amare  2 , Shewki Moga  2 , Yeshiwork Abebaw  2 , Getachew Sied  2
Affiliations

Surveillance of drug resistance tuberculosis based on reference laboratory data in Ethiopia

Getu Diriba et al. Infect Dis Poverty. .

Abstract

Background: Both passive and active surveillance of drug resistance have an important role in tuberculosis (TB) control program. Surveillance data are important to estimate the magnitude of drug resistance TB, to know the trend of the disease, assess the performance of the program, and to forecast diagnosis and treatment supplies. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and the proportion of drug resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia based on passively collected data.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory and seven Regional TB laboratories in Ethiopia on a retrospective data collected from July 2017 to June, 2018. Data were collected by standardized checklist from TB culture laboratory registration book. Percentage of recovery rate, contamination rate, and prevalence of drug resistance TB were determined by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23.

Result: Of 10 134 TB suspected individuals included into this analysis, 1183 (11.7%) were culture positive. The overall contamination proportion was 5.3% and nontuberculous mycobacteria proportion was 0.98%. First-line drug susceptibility test was performed for 329 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates, and the proportion of resistance was 5.7 and 6.3% for isoniazid and rifampicin respectively. The proportion of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) was 4.3% in new patients, while 6.7% in previously treated patients. However, there was no category for 0.6% patients, and the overall proportion of MDR-TB was 11.6%.

Conclusions: The result of this study indicated that MDR-TB is a serious public health problem in Ethiopia. Thus, strengthen prevention and control program is vital to halt the burden of drug resistant TB in the country.

Keywords: Isoniazid resistance; Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; Rifampicin resistance; Tuberculosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Frequency and type of culture results performed at all laboratories from July 2017 to June 2018 (n = 10 134). * NTM: Nontuberculous mycobacteria
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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