Bile salts, endotoxin and renal function in obstructive jaundice

Abstract

Surgical treatment for the relief of obstructive jaundice is still complicated by postoperative acute renal failure in almost 10 per cent of patients. Renal failure in the patient with jaundice is associated with the presence of bacterial endotoxin in the peripheral blood, and enteric endotoxin absorption is facilitated by the absence of bile salts from the intestine. Oral replacement of bile salts should prevent endotoxemia and renal failure. Forty-six patients with jaundice were studied. Twelve patients received sodium deoxycholate preoperatively, 12 received chenodeoxycholic acid and 22 acted as controls. Endotoxemia was measured by the limulus test and renal function assessed by 24 hour creatinine clearance. No patient given deoxycholate preoperatively had systemic endotoxemia or postoperative impairment of renal function. Endotoxemia was reduced in the chenodeoxycholic acid group, but not significantly, and renal function was not protected. Sodium deoxycholate is undergoing further evaluation in a multicenter randomized prospective study.