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. 2019 Jun 14;12(12):1928.
doi: 10.3390/ma12121928.

Development of a Graphene-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Optical Sensor Chip for Potential Biomedical Application

Nur Alia Sheh Omar  1 , Yap Wing Fen  2   3 , Silvan Saleviter  4 , Wan Mohd Ebtisyam Mustaqim Mohd Daniyal  5 , Nur Ain Asyiqin Anas  6 , Nur Syahira Md Ramdzan  7 , Mohammad Danial Aizad Roshidi  8
Affiliations

Development of a Graphene-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Optical Sensor Chip for Potential Biomedical Application

Nur Alia Sheh Omar et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

The emergence of unintentional poisoning and uncontrolled vector diseases have contributed to sensor technologies development, leading to the more effective detection of diseases. In this study, we present the combination of graphene-based material with surface plasmon resonance technique. Two different graphene-based material sensor chips were prepared for rapid and quantitative detection of dengue virus (DENV) and cobalt ion (Co2+) as an example of typical metal ions. As the fundamental concept of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor that relies on the refractive index of the sensor chip surface, this research focused on the SPR signal when the DENV and Co2+ interact with the graphene-based material sensor chip. The results demonstrated that the proposed sensor-based graphene layer was able to detect DENV and Co2+ as low as 0.1 pM and 0.1 ppm respectively. Further details in the detection and quantification of analyte were also discussed in terms of sensitivity, affinity, and selectivity of the sensor.

Keywords: biosensor; graphene-based material; quantum dots; surface plasmon resonance.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic diagram of the detection-based SPR technique. (a) Surface plasmon waves; (b) Electric field components; (c) SPR resonance angle.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Illustration of the SPR setup system.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Schematic diagram of the experimental procedure.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Optical reflectance for 10 pM dengue virus (DENV) solution in contact with (a) Au, (b) Au/Ab, and (c) Au/CdSQDs-rGO/Ab sensor film.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Optical reflectance for DENV concentrations (0.1–100 pM) in contact with Au/CdSQDs-rGO/Ab layer (inset: the zoomed in graph).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Relationship between the SPR angle shift (Δθ) and DENV concentration. (a) Langmuir and linear fitting; (b) Selectivity tests.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Schematic diagram of an optical biosensor for cobalt detection.
Figure 8
Figure 8
SPR optical curves for different concentration of cobalt ion (0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 ppm) in contact with the chitosan-GO-CdS QDs sensor layer.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Data plotting the angle shift against the cobalt ion concentration fitted with Langmuir equation and linear fitting.
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