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. 2019 Jun 18;19(1):118.
doi: 10.1186/s12903-019-0817-2.

The in vitro antimicrobial activities of four endodontic sealers

Yuting Huang  1 , Xiaoshuang Li  1 , Preeti Mandal  1 , Yan Wu  1 , Lin Liu  2 , Huihua Gui  3 , Jiarong Liu  4
Affiliations

The in vitro antimicrobial activities of four endodontic sealers

Yuting Huang et al. BMC Oral Health. .

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of four endodontic sealers (GuttaFlow2, AH Plus, ProRoot MTA and RealSeal) against E. feacalis, E.coli and C.albicans.

Methods: The antimicrobial activities of four endodontic sealers were assessed by both agar diffusion test (ADT) and direct contact test (DCT) in this study. In ADT, the results were reported as the diameter of the growth inhibition zone. Both fresh and 1-day-setting sealers were measured. In DCT, microorganisms in suspension were exposed to the sealers for 10, 30 and 60 min and the survival of microorganisms were determined after exposure at different time points(after mixing, 1 and 7 days). The number of colony-forming unit (CFU) was counted. The results were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey tests.

Results: Both ADT and DCT results showed that Guttaflow2 presented no effect against any tested microorganisms. In ADT, fresh RealSeal had the largest inhibition zone against all tested microbes, followed by AH Plus and ProRoot MTA. ProRoot MTA demonstrated inhibition zones against all the three test microbes after setting for 1 day, while the other three sealers showed no inhibition activity. In DCT, fresh AH Plus had the strongest antimicrobial effects against all the three tested microorganisms for every contact times, while its antimicrobial activity diminished significantly with time. Fresh RealSeal and ProRoot MTA also showed strong antimicrobial effect and still showed antimicrobial effect after 1-day-setting. The antibacterial effects of RealSeal against E. faecalis and antifungal effect of ProRoot MTA were observed after 7 days of setting.

Conclusions: GuttaFlow2 had no antimicrobial activity. Freshly mixed RealSeal and AH Plus demonstrated strong antimicrobial effects. RealSeal showed antimicrobial effects after setting in DCT. ProRoot MTA showed high antimicrobial activity and exhibited anti-inflammation potentials after setting.

Keywords: Antimicrobial activity; Root canal; Sealers.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Zone of inhibition for four endodontic sealers. a Fresh sealers against E.faecalis; b Fresh sealers against E.coli; c Fresh sealers against C.albicans; d 1-day-setting sealers against E.faecalis; e 1-day-setting sealers against E.coli; f 1-day-setting sealers against C.albicans. GF2, GuttaFlow2; AH, AH Plus; RS, RealSeal; MTA, grey Pro Root MTA
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Survival of microbes after direct contact test for 10, 30 and 60 min with different sealers. Growth of E. faecalis after being in contact with fresh (a), one-day-set (c) or 7-day-set (e) sealers. Survival of E.coli after being in contact with fresh (b), one-day-set (d) or 7-day-set (f) sealers. Survival of C.albicans after being in contact with fresh (g), one-day-set (h) or 7-day-set (i) sealers. Bacterial suspension placed on uncoated wells was used as the control. The survival of bacteria was assessed by culturing aliquots of 20 μL into LBa or SDa plates after 10-fold serial dilutions. Colonies on the plates were counted after 48 h incubation and CFU/mL was calculated. All experiments were performed in duplicate. GF2, GuttaFlow2; AH, AH Plus; RS, RealSeal; MTA, grey Pro Root MTA; E.f, Enterococcus faecalis; E.c, Escherichia coli
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