Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2019 Jun 21;19(1):802.
doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7086-5.

The indirect costs of ischemic heart disease through lost productive life years for Australia from 2015 to 2030: results from a microsimulation model

Deborah Schofield  1 , Michelle Cunich  2 , Rupendra Shrestha  1   3 , Megan Passey  4 , Lennert Veerman  5   6 , Robert Tanton  7 , Simon Kelly  7
Affiliations

The indirect costs of ischemic heart disease through lost productive life years for Australia from 2015 to 2030: results from a microsimulation model

Deborah Schofield et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: Most studies measure the impact of ischemic heart disease (IHD) on individuals using quality of life metrics such as disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs); however, IHD also has an enormous impact on productive life years (PLYs). The objective of this study was to project the indirect costs of IHD resulting from lost PLYs to older Australian workers (45-64 years), government, and society 2015-2030.

Methods: Nationally representative data from the Surveys of Disability, Ageing and Carers (2003, 2009) were used to develop the base population in the microsimulation model (Health&WealthMOD2030), which integrated data from established microsimulation models (STINMOD, APPSIM), Treasury's population and workforce projections, and chronic conditions trends.

Results: We projected that 6700 people aged 45-64 were out of the labour force due to IHD in 2015, increasing to 8100 in 2030 (21 increase). National costs consisted of a loss of AU$273 (US$263) million in income for people with IHD in 2015, increasing to AU$443 ($US426) million (62% increase). For the government, extra welfare payments increased from AU$106 (US$102) million in 2015 to AU$143 (US$138) million in 2030 (35% increase); and lost income tax revenue increased from AU$74 (US$71) million in 2015 to AU$117 (US$113) million in 2030 (58% increase). A loss of AU$785 (US$755) million in GDP was projected for 2015, increasing to AU$1125 (US$1082) million in 2030.

Conclusions: Significant costs of IHD through lost productivity are incurred by individuals, the government, and society. The benefits of IHD interventions include not only improved health but also potentially economic benefits as workforce capacity.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Income; Indirect costs; Ischemic heart disease; Microsimulation; Productivity.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Graphical representation of Health&WealthMOD2030
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Lost income through lost productive life years because of ischemic heart disease 2015–2030, $AU millions
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Lost welfare payments through lost productive life years because of IHD 2015–2030, $AU millions
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Lost taxes through lost productive life years because of ischemic heart disease 2015–2030, $AU millions
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Moran AE, Forouzanfar MH, Roth GA, Mensah GA, Ezzati M, Flaxman A, Murray CJ, Naghavi M. The global burden of ischemic heart disease in 1990 and 2010: the global burden of disease 2010 study. Circulation. 2014;129(14):1493–1501. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Schofield D, Shrestha R, Cunich M, Tanton R, Kelly S, Veerman L, Passey M. Lost productive life years caused by chronic conditions in Australians aged 45-64 years, 2010-2030. Med J Aust. 2015;203(6):260.e261–260.e266. - PubMed
    1. World Health Organization . WHO guide to identifying the economic consequences of disease and injury. Geneva: World Health Organization Financing DoHS, Services HSa; 2009.
    1. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Media Relations . OECD says governments must help people with reduced work capacity get jobs (18 Dec 2007) Paris: OECD; 2007.
    1. Deloitte access economics . ACS in perspective: the importance of secondary prevention. Canberra: Deloitte access economics Pty ltd; 2011.

LinkOut - more resources