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. 2019 Dec;41(6):2893-2910.
doi: 10.1007/s10653-019-00359-7. Epub 2019 Jun 24.

The influence of the quantity and quality of sediment organic matter on the potential mobility and toxicity of trace elements in bottom sediment

Agnieszka Baran  1 , Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek  2 , Krzysztof Gondek  2 , Marek Tarnawski  3 , Magdalena Szara  2 , Olga Gorczyca  2 , Tomasz Koniarz  3
Affiliations

The influence of the quantity and quality of sediment organic matter on the potential mobility and toxicity of trace elements in bottom sediment

Agnieszka Baran et al. Environ Geochem Health. 2019 Dec.

Abstract

Knowledge on the fraction of trace elements in the bottom sediments is a key to understand their mobility and ecotoxicological impact. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the content of organic matter fractions on the mobility and ecotoxicity of trace elements in sediments from the Rybnik reservoir. The most refractory fraction of organic matter-Cnh (non-hydrolysing carbon)-dominated in the sediments. The content of organic matter fractions are arranged in the following order: Cnh (non-hydrolysing carbon) > Cfa (fulvic acid) > Cha (humic acid) > DOC (dissolved organic carbon). On the other hand, the highest value of correlation coefficients was found for different fractions of trace elements and DOC content in the bottom sediments. A higher content of TOC in the sediments significantly increased the share of elements in the potential mobile fraction and, at the same time, decreased the binding of elements in the mobile fractions. Moreover, in sediments that contain more than 100 g/kg d.m. TOC, no and medium risk of trace element release from sediments was observed. The Cu, Cd and Ni were potentially the most toxic elements for biota in the Rybnik reservoir. However, the correlation between the content of trace elements and the response of bacteria was insignificant. These results suggested that the complexation of trace elements with organic matter makes them less toxic for Vibrio fischeri. The transformation and sources of organic matter play an important role in the behaviour of trace elements in the bottom sediments of the Rybnik reservoir.

Keywords: Bottom sediments; Fraction of organic matter; Mobility; Toxicity; Trace elements.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Location of the Rybnik reservoir and bottom sediment sampling points
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Spatial distribution of TOC (g/kg d.m.), Cha/Cfa, E4/E6 and cluster analysis of fraction of organic matter according to their spatial distribution in the bottom sediments. a TOC, b cluster analysis, c Cha/Cfa, dE4/E6
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Effect of TOC content on fractional distribution of trace elements in the sediments. a TOC < 10 g/kg, b TOC 10–100 g/kg, c TOC > 100 g/kg
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Spatial distribution of mobile fraction (F1) of trace elements (mg/kg d.m.) in bottom sediments
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Spatial distribution of potential mobile fraction (PMF ∑1–3) of trace elements (mg/kg d.m.) in bottom sediments
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
PCA applied to the results of trace element content (F1, F2, F3, F4, PMF and T (∑fraction 1–4) and fraction of organic matter in the bottom sediments
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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