Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol as a Causal Role for Atherosclerotic Disease: Potential Role of PCSK9 Inhibitors

Abstract

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9)-related discoveries of the turn of the century have translated into substantial novelty in dyslipidemia treatment in the last 5 years. With chronic preventable atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) representing an epidemic of morbidity and mortality worldwide, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) reduction represents a public health priority. By overcoming two major statin-related issues, namely intolerance and ineffectiveness, PCSK9 inhibitors have offered a safe and effective option in selected clinical settings where LDL-c reduction is required. Herein, we recapitulate recent findings, clinical applications, and ASCVD prevention potential of PCSK9 inhibition, with focus on anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies, evolocumab and alirocumab.

Keywords: Antibodies, monoclonal; Anticholesteremic agents; Atherosclerotic plaque; Cardiovascular diseases; Cholesterol, LDL; Proprotein convertases, subtilisin–kexin family.