Dose-Dependent Effects of Ranolazine on Reentrant Ventricular Arrhythmias Induced After Subacute Myocardial Infarction in Rabbits

Abstract

Ranolazine has been found to prevent ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aimed to investigate its efficacy on VAs induced several days post-MI. For this purpose, 13 anesthetized rabbits underwent coronary artery ligation. Ten of these animals that survived AMI were reanesthetized 3 to 7 days later for electrophysiologic testing. An endocardial monophasic action potential combination catheter was placed in the right ventricle for simultaneous pacing and recording. Monophasic action potential duration, ventricular effective refractory period (VERP), and VAs induced by programmed stimulation were assessed. Measurements were performed during control pacing, and following an intravenous infusion of either a low-dose ranolazine (2.4 mg/kg, R1) or a higher dose ranolazine (4.8 mg/kg cumulative dose, R2). During control stimulation, 2 animals developed primary ventricular fibrillation (VF), 6 sustained ventricular tachycardia (sVT), and 2 nonsustained VT (nsVT). R1 did not prevent the appearance of VAs in any of the experiments; in contrast, it aggravated nsVT into sVT and complicated sVT termination in 2 of 6 animals. Sustained ventricular tachycardia cycle length and VERP were only slightly decreased after R1 (112 ± 5 vs 110 ± 6 ms and 101 ± 11 vs 98 ± 10 ms, respectively). R2 suppressed inducibility of control nsVT, VF, and sVT in 2 animals. In 4 animals with still inducible sVT, R2 significantly prolonged VT cycle length by 150 ± 23 ms (P < .01), and VERP by 120 ± 7 ms (P < .001) versus control. In conclusion, R2 exerted antiarrhythmic efficacy against subacute-MI VAs, whereas R1 rather aggravated than prevented these arrhythmias. Ventricular effective refractory period prolongation could partially explain the antiarrhythmic action of R2 in this rabbit model.

Keywords: inducible ventricular arrhythmias; rabbit heart; ranolazine; right ventricular stimulation; subacute myocardial infarction.