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Review
. 2019 Jun 26;11(7):891.
doi: 10.3390/cancers11070891.

Salivary Extracellular Vesicle-Associated exRNA as Cancer Biomarker

Giulia Chiabotto  1 , Chiara Gai  2 , Maria Chiara Deregibus  3 , Giovanni Camussi  4
Affiliations
Review

Salivary Extracellular Vesicle-Associated exRNA as Cancer Biomarker

Giulia Chiabotto et al. Cancers (Basel). .

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted in biological fluids contain several transcripts of the cell of origin, which may modify the functions and phenotype of proximal and distant cells. Cancer-derived EVs may promote a favorable microenvironment for cancer growth and invasion by acting on stroma and endothelial cells and may favor metastasis formation. The transcripts contained in cancer EVs may be exploited as biomarkers. Protein and extracellular RNA (exRNA) profiling in patient bio-fluids, such as blood and urine, was performed to identify molecular features with potential diagnostic and prognostic values. EVs are concentrated in saliva, and salivary EVs are particularly enriched in exRNAs. Several studies were focused on salivary EVs for the detection of biomarkers either of non-oral or oral cancers. The present paper provides an overview of the available studies on the diagnostic potential of exRNA profiling in salivary EVs.

Keywords: cancer; exosomes; miRNA; microvesicles; non coding RNA; saliva.

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Conflict of interest statement

G.CA. is a component of Scientific Advisory Board of Unicyte AG. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Salivary EVs characterization. A representative transmission electron microscopy image of EVs isolated by a charge-based precipitation method, showing a carpet of vesicles in the nano-range. In the inset, the bars indicate the size of the extracellular vesicles (EVs). The preparation was stained with NanoVan (JEOL Jem-1010 electron microscope, original magnification ×75,000; inset ×150,000).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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